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Impermissibility of performing prostration during menstruation


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Impermissibility of performing prostration during menstruation

 

 

Answered by Shaykh Muhammad ibn Adam al-Kawthari

 

Question

Please could you clarify if it is possible for a woman to do sajda (randomly, outside of prayer) when she is menstruating? I know that Sajda of Tilwat is not compulsory on a menstruating woman, but I ask referring to times when perhaps a woman feels the need to be close to Allah swt.
 

Answer:
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In the name of Allah, Most Compassionate, Most Merciful,

 

Things that are a requirement for the prostration of recital (sajdah al-tilawah) are also necessary for the prostration of thankfulness (sajdah al-shukr). As such, it is necessary for one to be in a state of ritual purity in order to offer this prostration.

 

It is stated in Maraqi al-Falah:

The method of offering the prostration of thankfulness (sajdah al-shukr) is that one will say the Takbir (Allahu akbar) whilst facing the Qiblah. Then one will prostrate and praise Allah, thank him and recite Tasbih. Thereafter, one will raise his head whilst saying the Takbir (m: once again), similar to the prostration of recital with all its (m: sajdah al-tilawahs) conditions. (See: Maraqi al-Falah with the Hashiyah of Tahtawi, p. 500, Dar al-Kutub al-Ilmiyya print)

 

Imam al-Haskafi (Allah have mercy on him) clearly mentions the impermissibility of offering Sajdah al-Shukr in the state of menstruation. He states:

It (m: menstruation) prevents one from performing prayer (salat) unrestrictedly (mutlaqan), even the prostration of thankfulness (sajdah al-shukr).

 

Allama Ibn Abidin (Allah have mercy on him) comments on the above by stating in his super-commentary (hashiya):

(al-Haskafis statement: even the prostration of thankfulness) meaning, or prostration of recital, hence menstruation will prevent the validity of both (m: i.e. Sajdah al-tilawah & sajdah al-shukr) and will make both of them unlawful. (Radd al-Muhtar ala al-Durr al-Mukhtar, 1/290-230)

 

Therefore, it will not be permitted for a woman to offer a prostration of thankfulness (sajdah al-shukr) in the state of menstruation, for purity (from major and minor impurities) is a requirement in order to offer this prostration.

 

And Allah knows best

Muhammad ibn Adam al-kawthari

Darul Iftaa, Leicester, UK

 

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Sajda Shukr and Tawbah

 

Question

Can a prostration of thanks (sajda shukr) or repentance be made in a state of:

a. ritual impurity i.e. you’re in a state that requires taking a ghusl
b. no wudhu (but you’re ritually pure)
c. having impurity on clothes or body of the amount that affects the validity of salat

Jazakallah Khairan

 

Answer:

In the Name of Allah, the Most Gracious, the Most Merciful.
 
Sajda (prostration) is a fundamental component of salat. All the prerequisites that apply to salat also apply when performing sajda outside of salat, such as when performing sajda shukr (prostration of gratitude) and sajda tilawa (prostration performed after reciting a verse of prostration). Therefore, the following are prerequisites for performing prostration of gratitude: having wudu, not being in a state of janaba (ritual impurity), for the clothes and body to be from impurity (excluding the forgivable amount), covering of the ‘aurah (those parts of the body that must be covered) and facing the Qibla.

Therefore, it will not be permissible to perform prostration of gratitude in the three states that you mentioned. [1]

Also, note that prostration of gratitude is only mustahab (praiseworthy) when one is endowed with a new bounty. In normal circumstances, it is neither mustahab nor makrooh. To perform prostration of gratitude or any other prostration, such as sajda tilawa (prostration performed after reciting a verse of prostration), immediately after salat when there are others present is makrooh. In the absence of others, performing prostration of gratitude or sajda tilawa after salat is permissible with the conditions that one does not consider it to be sunnah or mustahab and that he does not make it a habit. [2]

(Ahsanul Fatawa: 3/25, Saeed)

There is no such thing as prostration of repentance in Shariah. There is an optional salat called salat at-tauba (the prayer of repentance). This prayer is offered like any other optional prayer. [3]

 

And Allah knows best.

Mufti Faizal Riza
 

 
 

[1] في فصل سجدة التلاوة من المحيط البرهاني: شرائط جوازها ما هو شرائط جواز الصلاة من طهارة البدن عن الحدث والجنابة وطهارة الثوب عن النجاسة وستر العورة واستقبال القبلة لأنها ركن من أركان الصلاة
( المحيط البرهاني: 2/363، إدارة القرآن )

 

وفي باب سجود التلاوة من الدر المختار: ( بشروط الصلاة ) المتقدمة ( خلا التحريمة ) ونية التعيين إلخ

وفي الشامي تحته: ( قوله بشروط الصلاة ) لأنها جزء من أجزاء الصلاة فكانت معتبرة بسجدات الصلاة إلخ ( قوله خلا التحريمة ) لأنها لتوحيد الأفعال المختلفة ولم توجد بدائع وحلية وبحر أي فإن الصلاة أفعال مختلفة من قيام وقراءة وركوع وسجود وبالتحريمة صارت فعلا واحدا وأما هذه فماهيتها فعل واحد فاستغنت عن التحريمة فافهم
( رد المحتار: 2/106، سعيد )

 

[2] في الدر المختار: وسجدة الشكر مستحبة به يفتى لكنها تكره بعد الصلاة لأن الجهلة يعتقدونها سنة أو واجبة وكل مباح يؤدي إليه فمكروه

 

وفي الشامي: ( قوله وسجدة الشكر ) ... وهي لمن تجددت عنده نعمة ظاهرة أو رزقه الله تعالى مالا أو ولدا أو اندفعت عنه نقمة ونحو ذلك يستحب له أن يسجد لله تعالى شكرا مستقبل القبلة يحمد الله تعالى فيها ويسبحه ثم يكبر فيرفع رأسه كما في سجدة التلاوة ، سراج ( قوله لكنها تكره بعد الصلاة ) الضمير للسجدة مطلقا . قال في شرح المنية آخر الكتاب عن شرح القدوري للزاهدي : أما بغير سبب فليس بقربة ولا مكروه ، وما يفعل عقيب الصلاة فمكروه لأن الجهال يعتقدونها سنة أو واجبة وكل مباح يؤدي إليه فمكروه انتهى ، وحاصله أن ما ليس لها سبب لا تكره ما لم يؤد فعلها إلى اعتقاد الجهلة سنيتها كالتي يفعلها بعض الناس بعد الصلاة ورأيت من يواظب عليها بعد صلاة الوتر ويذكر أن لها أصلا وسندا فذكرت له ما هنا فتركها ثم قال في شرح المنية : وأما ما ذكر في المضمرات أن النبي صلى الله عليه وسلم قال لفاطمة رضي الله تعالى عنها : " { ما من مؤمن ولا مؤمنة يسجد سجدتين } إلى آخر ما ذكر " فحديث موضوع باطل لا أصل له ( قوله فمكروه ) الظاهر أنها تحريمية لأنه يدخل في الدين ما ليس منه ط
( رد المحتار: 2/119، سعيد )

 

 

[3] وذكر الشيخ إسماعيل عن شرح الشرعة : من المندوبات صلاة التوبة إلخ
( رد المحتار: 2/28، سعيد )

 

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