ummtaalib

3rd Night Taraweeh Summary This summary of the 3rd Taraweeh commences at verse 18 of Surah Aal Imraan and concludes at the end of Surah Aal Imraan. Allaah speaks of Hadhrat Isa (A.S) and his mother Hadhrat Maryam (A.S). When she was placed in the care of Hadhrat Zakariyya (A.S), he noticed that she used to eat fruits that were not in season. Upon enquiry, she told him that it was from Allaah Who sustains whomsoever He wills without any restrictions. This Surah mentions the miraculous birth of Hadhrat Isa (A.S) from Hadhrat Maryam (A.S) without a father. As an infant in his cradle, Hadhrat Isa (A.S) spoke to the people and attested to his miraculous birth. This was just one of his many miracles that are mentioned in the Surah. Allaah assures people that Hadhrat Isa (A.S) was neither killed nor crucified, but that he was lifted alive to the heavens. Rasululllaah (sallAllaahu-alayhi-wa-sallam) has informed us that Hadhrat Isa (A.S) shall return to this world just before Qiyaamah to slay Dajjaal. He will then pass away naturally. However, the Christians adamantly believe that he was crucified. The Christians were just as opposed to Islam as the Jews were. Therefore, Allaah instructed Rasululllaah (sallAllaahu-alayhi-wa-sallam) to issue a challenge of Mubaahala to them. The term “Mubaahala” is a challenge between two opposing factions where each gathers his family members and they collectively invoke Allaah’s punishment on the opposite faction saying, “O Allaah! Curse the party of us that is false and lying.” However, the group of Christians whom Rasululllaah (sallAllaahu-alayhi-wa-sallam) challenged shrank in fear from the challenge.

2nd Night Taraweeh Summary This summary of the 2nd Taraweeh begins at the second quarter of the second para and concludes at the midway into the third para (verse 18) of Surah Aal Imraan. To a very large extent, Surah Baqara discusses the complete message of Islam, dealing with matters such as the rights of Allaah, the rights of man, the way of life and the principles of social interaction. It also outlines the laws pertaining to salaah, zakaah and hajj. In addition to this, charity, social welfare, mutual consultation, marriage, divorce, Iddah (waiting period after a woman is divorced or widowed), bequests, commerce and giving loans are also discussed. The Surah also presents many commands and prohibitions, devoting much attention to matters that are permissible and those that are not. These may be referred to as a complete code of life. The details of Imaan and the criteria of Imaan are also discussed in this part of the Surah. Allaah emphasises that people should believe in Allaah, His Prophet (sallAllaahu-alayhi-wa-sallam), the Day of Qiyaamah, the angels, all His other Ambiya (A.S) and all the Divine Scriptures that were revealed to various Ambiya (A.S) during their respective periods. Allaah also commands Muslims to spend generously on their parents, relatives, the poor, orphans, travellers and slaves who wish to purchase their freedom. Allaah commands that a murderer be executed (Qisaas). However, if the heirs of the murdered person choose rather to accept the blood money, it will have to be paid. Fasting is ordained in this Surah, but people who are unable to fast have been granted certain concessions. Allaah makes it clear that marriage of Muslims to Mushrikeen men and women is prohibited. Children are allowed to be suckled for a period of only two years. End 2nd Para - Start 3rd Para Allaah declares all interest-related transactions to be undeniably haraam towards the end of Surah Baqara. The Surah also relates the incidents of two Ambiya (A.S) whose hearts Allaah put at ease when He demonstrated to them how He resurrects the dead. Throughout Surah Baqara, Allaah repeatedly emphasises the importance of pondering over the verses of the Qur'aan. At the very end of the Surah, Allaah teaches man the method of making du’aa as well as the words to be used. The first eighteen verses of Surah Aal Imraan make it clear that only Allaah is worthy of worship, that the Day of Qiyaamah will certainly dawn and that the people will definitely be rewarded for their deeds. Allaah tells mankind that the Qur'aan was revealed to distinguish between truth and falsehood. Allaah also speaks of the Battle of Badr in this Surah. If the Mu'mineen were to ponder about the stunning victory that the Muslims earned in this battle, they can learn volumes about Allaah’s power. The true Mu'mineen are defined as people who persevere through hardships, who spend their wealth in Allaah’s way and awaken during the latter part of the night to beg pardon from Allaah.

Zakaat on Shares Q: Is zakaat waajib on shares? If yes, then how will it be calculated? A: Zakaat is Waajib on shares. However, it should be noted that Zakaat is not Waajib on the entire share. Rather Zakaat is only Waajib upon the Zakaatable assets of the company (i.e. the market value of the merchandise contained in the share of the company). As far as the non-Zakaatable assets of the company are concerned e.g. fixtures, fittings, transport vehicles, etc. which are not part of the merchandise of the company, the value of all these things will be evaluated in the share and will not be taken in account when discharging the zakaat. If it is difficult to differentiate between the zakaatable and non-Zakaatable assets of the company, then as a precautionary measure one should discharge the Zakaat on the market value of the entire share. If a person purchased shares in a company that hires out vehicles, e.g. a trucking company or leases out properties, estates, flats, etc., Zakaat will not be Waajib on this type of share. Instead, Zakaat will only be Waajib on the profits accrued from the share. (أو نية التجارة ) في العروض إما صريحا ولا بد من مقارنتها لعقد التجارة كما سيجيء أو دلالة بأن يشتري عينا بعرض التجارة (شامي 2/267) (فتاوى محمودية 14/130) ( ولا في ثياب البدن ) المحتاج إليها لدفع الحر والبرد ابن ملك ( وأثاث المنزل ودور السكنى ونحوها ) وكذا الكتب وإن لم تكن لأهلها إذا لم تنو للتجارة. (شامي 2/265) Answered by: Mufti Zakaria Makada Checked & Approved: Mufti Ebrahim Salejee (Isipingo Beach)

Q: Who is eligible for sadaqatul fitr? A: Those people who are eligible for zakaat are eligible for sadaqatul fitr. ( وصدقة الفطر كالزكاة في المصارف ) وفي كل حال ( إلا في ) جواز ( الدفع إلى الذمي ) وعدم سقوطها بهلاك المال وقد مر وقال فى الشامية: قوله ( في المصارف ) أي المذكورة في آية الصدقات إلا العامل الغني فيما يظهر ولا تصح إلى من بينهما أولاد أو زوجية ولا إلى غني أو هاشمي ونحوهم ممن مر في باب المصرف وقدمنا بيان الأفضل في المتصدق عليه (شامى 2/369) Answered by: Mufti Zakaria Makada Checked & Approved: Mufti Ebrahim Salejee (Isipingo Beach)

Zakaat on Properties, Flats, etc. Q: Is zakaat waajib on properties, flats, etc? A: Zakaat is not waajib on properties, etc. which are not purchased with the intention of resale. One will pay zakaat on the rentals received. However, if the properties were purchased with the intention of resale, then zakaat will be waajib on the market value of the properties. ( ولا في ثياب البدن ) المحتاج إليها لدفع الحر والبرد ابن ملك ( وأثاث المنزل ودور السكنى ونحوها ) وكذا الكتب وإن لم تكن لأهلها إذا لم تنو للتجارة. (شامي 2/265) ( وسبب لزوم أدائها توجه الخطاب ) يعني قوله تعالى { وآتوا الزكاة } وشرطه أي شرط افتراض أدائها ( حولان الحول ) وهو في ملكه ( وثمنية المال كالدراهم والدنانير ) لتعينهما للتجارة بأصل الخلقة فتلزم الزكاة كيفما أمسكهما ولو للنفقة ( أو السوم ) بقيدها الآتي ( أو نية التجارة ) في العروض إما صريحا ولا بد من مقارنتها لعقد التجارة كما سيجيء أو دلالة بأن يشتري عينا بعرض التجارة أو يؤاجر داره التي للتجارة بعرض فتصير للتجارة بلا نية صريحا واستثنوا من اشتراط النية ما يشتريه المضارب فإنه يكون للتجارة مطلقا (شامي 2/267) Answered by: Mufti Zakaria Makada Checked & Approved: Mufti Ebrahim Salejee (Isipingo Beach)

Question Could please tell me what is the most authentic formula of salah ‘alan Nabi [durud] mentioned in Hadith Answer There are numerous forms/formulas of authentic salutations a person may recite. There is no specific ‘most authentic form’. Some ‘Ulama have preferred a certain form, but this is not based on authenticity. The following are among the most popular forms of durud. 1) Sayyiduna Ka’b ibn ‘Ujrah (radiyallahu ‘anhu) says: “We asked Rasulullah (sallallahu ‘alayhi wa sallam), how should we send salutations upon you? Nabi (sallallahu ‘alayhi wa sallam) said, say: ‘Allahumma salli ‘ala Muhammad wa ‘ala ali Muhammad kama sallayta ‘ala ali Ibrahim innaka hamidum majid. Allahumma barik ‘ala Muhammad wa ‘ala ali Muhammad kama barakta ‘ala ali Ibrahim innaka hamidum majid'” اللهم صلِ على محمد وعلى آل محمد كما صليت على آل إبراهيم إنك حميد مجيد، اللهم بارك على محمد وعلى آل محمد كما باركت على آل إبراهيم إنك حميد مجيد (Sahih Bukhari, Hadith: 6357 and Sahih Muslim, Hadith: 406) Hafiz Ibn Hajar (rahimahullah) says that this form of salutations is the preferred way, as it was taught by Rasulullah (sallallahu ‘alayhi wa sallam) who would have chosen the best and most noble form of salutation for himself (Fathul Bari, under Hadith: 6358) However this form has also been reported with variations in the wordings as can be seen in the following narrations: 2) Sayyiduna Ka’b ibn ‘Ujrah (radiyallahu ‘anhu) says: “We asked Rasulullah (sallallahu ‘alayhi wa sallam), how should we send salutations upon you? Nabi (sallallahu ‘alayhi wa sallam) said, say: ‘Allahumma salli ‘ala Muhammad wa ‘ala ali Muhammad kama sallayta ‘ala Ibrahim wa ali Ibrahim innaka hamidum majid. wa barik ‘ala Muhammad wa ‘ala ali Muhammad kama barakta ‘ala Ibrahim wa ali Ibrahim innaka hamidum majid'” اللهم صلِ على محمد وعلى آل محمد كما صليت على ابراهيم وآل إبراهيم إنك حميد مجيد و بارك على محمد و على آل محمد كما باركت على ابراهيم و آل ابراهيم انك حميد مجيد (Sunan Nasai -Al Mujtaba-, Hadith: 1288) 3) Sayyiduna Abu Sa’id Al Khudri (radiyallahu ‘anhu) reports: “We asked Rasulullah (sallallahu ‘alayhi wa sallam), how should we send salutations upon you? Nabi (sallallahu ‘alayhi wa sallam) said, say: ‘Allahumma salli ‘ala Muhammadin ‘abdika wa Rasulik kama sallayta ‘ala Ibrahim wa barik ‘ala Muhammad wa ‘ala ali Muhammad kama barakta ‘ala Ibrahim wa ali Ibrahim'” اللهم صل على محمد عبدك ورسولك كما صليت على إبراهيم، وبارك على محمد وعلى آل محمد كما باركت على إبراهيم و آل إبراهيم (Sahih Bukhari, Hadith: 6358) 4) Sayyiduna Abu Humayd As Sa’idi (radiyallahu ‘anhu) reports: “They asked Rasulullah (sallallahu ‘alayhi wa sallam), how should we send salutations upon you? Nabi (sallallahu ‘alayhi wa sallam) said, say: ‘Allahumma salli ‘ala Muhammad wa ‘ala azwajihi wa dhurriyatihi kama sallayta ‘ala ali Ibrahim wa barik ‘ala Muhammad wa ‘ala azwajihi wa dhurriyatihi kama barakta ‘ala ali Ibrahim innaka hamidum majid'” اللهم صل على محمد، وعلى أزواجه، وذريته، كما صليت على آل إبراهيم، وبارك على محمد وعلى أزواجه، وذريته، كما باركت على آل إبراهيم، إنك حميد مجيد (Sahih Muslim, Hadith: 407 and Sahih Bukhari, Hadith: 3369 with similar words) And Allah Ta’ala Knows best Answered by: Moulana Suhail Motala Approved by: Moulana Muhammad Abasoomar hadithanswers

Answer to the above question below:

The Gift Of Taraaweeh A.H.ELIAS (MUFTI) 1423 HIJRI/ 2002 Dedication This translation of the Quraan is dedicated to all the Huffaadh and Imaams who lead the Taraaweeh salaah and who wish to cast their lives as well as the lives of the entire Ummah into the mould that Rasululllaah (sallAllaahu-alayhi-wa-sallam) was sent with. This Qur'aan prescribes a complete way of life which will ensure the well being of any nation. Rasululllaah (sallAllaahu-alayhi-wa-sallam) said, “Verily Allaah elevates nations by means of this Qur'aan and disgraces others thereby.” [Muslim] Foreward This book is a night-by-night summary of what is usually read in the Taraaweeh salaah. It has been authenticated by many leading Sheikhul Hadith and other leading Ulema of India, where the original has been published in Urdu. The Qur'aan is the most widely read book in the world, the most printed book, the most revered book, and it is a divine scripture that cancels all others. Every Muslim owes four rights to the Qur'aan. He must: 1) Love the Qur'aan dearly. 2) Revere the Qur'aan. 3) Recite the Qur'aan properly. 4) Obey the injunctions of the Qur'aan. With the grace of Allaah, one will not find a Muslim who does not love and revere the Qur'aan. Great efforts are also being made to teach people to recite the Qur'aan correctly. Muslims are negligent in making an effort to understand the Qur'aan so that they may act on its various injunctions. This negligence plays a major role in the degradation that the Muslims are suffering on a global scale. The Qur'aan was revealed as a guidance for humanity at large. It is therefore imperative for every person to grasp the message of the Qur'aan. Generally Muslims devote themselves to the Qur'aan during the month of Ramadhaan, when their hearts are more receptive towards matters of Deen. During this great month, they recite the Qur'aan abundantly and listen to it daily in the Taraaweeh salaah. This book “Gift of Taraweeh” brings to light the pertinent messages of the Qur'aan as it is recited daily in the Taraaweeh Surah during Ramadhaan. Congregations are urged to recite it nightly so that they may understand Allaah’s message to them. May Allaah accept this humble effort. Aameen. The First Taraaweeh This summary covers the first one and a quarter paras of the Qur'aan, beginning with Surah Faatiha and concluding with verse 176 of Surah Baqara. START FIRST PARA. Surah Faatiha is usually referred to as “Al Hamd Shareef.” Although this Surah was not the first Surah of the Qur'aan to be revealed, it is the first to be written in Qur'aanic manuscripts and the first to be recited when commencing recitation (Tilaawah) of the Qur'aan. Surah Faatiha is a du’aa (supplication) that Allaah has taught mankind. Therefore, when a person recites Surah Faatiha, s/he is actually making a du’aa to Allaah. The rest of the Qur'aan follows as a reply to this du’aa. In this du’aa a person pleads to Allaah to show him the straight path (“Siraatul Mustaqeem”). Thereafter, Allaah gives man the entire Qur'aan as the guidance he asked for and as a description of the “Siraatul Mustaqeem” which he wants to tread. “Surah Baqara” follows “Surah Faatiha”, in which Allaah says that the Qur'aan is a guide for people who revere and respect Allaah. Therefore, The Quraan may be of no use to those who have no desire for guidance and direction. Such people will be deprived of its illumination and shall remain deaf, dumb and blind. In Surah Baqara, Allaah invokes man to believe in the unseen, to establish salaah and to spend in Allaah’s way from the provisions that He has granted. The details of Imaan are described as belief in the Qur'aan, belief in all the Prophets and the previously revealed Divine Scriptures and conviction in the Hereafter. Allaah also warns people against hypocrisy, warns the kuffaar about the punishment of Jahannam, while also conveying the glad tidings of Jannah to the Mu'mineen. It is in this part of “Surah Baqara” that Allaah speaks about the creation of Hadhrat Aadam (A.S) and his appointment as Allaah’s viceroy on earth. The test between the knowledge of Hadhrat Aadam (A.S) and the angels is mentioned, together with Allaah’s command do the angels prostrate before Hadhrat Aadam (A.S). While all the angels complied, Iblees refused. As a result of this arrogance, he was cursed and expelled from Heaven. Thereafter, the accursed Iblees tricked Hadhrat Adam (A.S) and Hadhrat Hawwa (A.S) into eating from the forbidden tree. They were then sent to live on earth. They repented to Allaah and were forgiven. Allaah also speaks of the time when He summoned Hadhrat Moosa (A.S) to Mount Toor to receive the Torah. In his absence, the Bani Israa'eel began to worship the calf. However, they were eventually forgiven for this act. On a daily basis Allaah provided them with “Mann” and “Salwa” to eat from the heavens, and also provided water for them from twelve springs that gushed from a rock. Allaah describes how the Jews were ungrateful for Allaah’s bounties and how they behaved rebelliously and insolently. This, together with their hypocritical conduct drew Allaah’s punishment upon them. Thereafter, Allaah speaks about Hadhrat Ibraheem (A.S) who was successful in every trial that Allaah placed on him. As a reward for this, Allaah made him a leader of mankind. Allaah commanded him and his son Hadhrat Isma'eel (A.S) to construct the Kaa'ba, which they duly did. Hadhrat Ibraheem (A.S) made du’aa to Allaah to raise a prophet from amongst his progeny who would be a guide for mankind. Allaah accepted this du’aa by raising Hadhrat Muhammed (sallAllaahu-alayhi-wa-sallam) as a messenger to the universe, via whom guidance spread throughout the world. END OF 1ST PARA – START OF 2ND PARA The beginning of the second para discusses the change of Qibla. Allaah commands the Muslims to face towards the Kaa'ba instead of Baitul Muqaddas (Jerusalem) when performing salaah. Consequently, Muslims will always be required to face towards the Kaa'ba wherever they may be. Allaah also prohibits the eating of carrion (dead animals), blood, swine and all animals that have been sacrificed with the name of any being besides Allaah.

Wearing Nicotene Patch while Fasting? Question Assalamualaykum Q-A person who is fasting wheres a Nicotene patch on the arm is fast valid?(A nicotine patch is a transdermal patch that releases nicotine into the body through the skin. It is usually used as a method to quit smoking.) Answer (Fatwa: 1327/1061=L/1429) Yes, this will not affect the fast. Allah (Subhana Wa Ta’ala) knows Best Darul Ifta, Darul Uloom Deoband

Wearing Pain Patch while Fasting? Question One of my friends has to wear a pain patch always because without the patch, she would be in a lot of pain. This patch helps her and reduces her pain because once she was attacked and because of that incident she had to take 2 operations and now the doctors have told her to wear this pain patch. She is confused about the fact that wether or not it is permissible to wear it while fasting? Some people said yes to her and some no. Could you plz answer soon because ramazan is coming and she needs to know urgent. Answer A pain patch is used externally, hence, will not invalidate the fast. Your friend may fast in the month of Ramadhaan while using the pain patch. and Allah Ta'ala Knows Best Mufti Ebrahim Desai askimam

بسم الله الرحمن اللرحيم Dr Adil Obeid, a nephrologist – the study of the kidneys and its diseases – at Sobeh’s Vascular and Medical Centre, said the commercialisation of Ramadan and its negative impact needs to be addressed. “Ramadan spiritually is very clear – it is about being modest in everything,” he said. “[but] people sleep late, eat more, smoke more, take more carbohydrates – so we have a big challenge in trying to fight the commercialised part of Ramadan.” However, Obeid added that the media is playing a negative role in changing the concept of Ramadan. “The tents in five-star hotels do not tell us the whole story but this is the reflection we get from the media,” he said. Dr Zuhair Yousif, a cardiologist at Mediclinic City Hospital, said fasting could help you lower blood pressure and bad cholesterol. “But in fact what we see from the actual life experience is how Ramadan has turned into probably the opposite to the expected positive benefits,” said Yousif. “People tend to eat the wrong food a lot of the time during the iftar and suhour.” The cardiologist said more education is needed on how people should approach dieting during Ramadan. “It is important that we intensify the health education in various specialties to highlight the risks that maybe are associated with the negative lifestyle impact on Ramadan,” Yousif said. End May Allah سبحانه وتعالى Bless us All with a Ramadhan filled with Barakah.. that we renew our Niyyah this month to get Closer to Allah سبحانه وتعالى & His Rasool and that we lead a life of Taqwa.. forever.. in all the months of the year.. Ameen.. in need of ur duas.. wa Assalam.. Posted by dr76 @ muftisays.com

How much you could be eating at Iftar- 4000 Calories. Interesting and beneficial article i came across on how much we eat at Iftar and how it affects our health.. Source 4,000 calories – How much you could be eating at iftar Ramadan fasters could be taking in as many as two days’ worth of calories when they sit down to break their fast at iftar, health experts have said. Doctors warned many will typically take in between 3,000 and 4,000 calories in an evening, after fasting for more than 12 hours. The recommended average daily calorie intake is 2,000 for women and 2,500 for men. Dr Rita Tobias, an endocrinologist at the Dubai Weight Care Clinic, said: “People who are not bothered about watching their diet can easily take in up to 3,000-4,000 calories after they break their fast. “In my clinic, where the purpose of them coming is to control their diabetes and their weight, a third of patients choose not even to come before Ramadan.” Tobias said many people get lured into over-indulgence by tempting offers, in what she described as increasing commercialisation of the Holy Month. Dr Zuhair Yousif, a cardiologist at Mediclinic City Hospital, said: “If you are attending a tent for 30 days and eating excessive carbohydrates and saturated fats, you are probably going to have doubled your bad cholesterol by the end of Ramadan.” And you could be “doubling your chances of heart disease”. Among the types of food served up are rich cheese qatyef pastries – a single piece of which has about 350 calories. At least. Families and friends gather around for iftar and suhour meals that are in many cases rich, fatty and high in carbohydrates. And many fall into the trap of over-eating. Avoiding over-indulgence is made more difficult as Ramadan is increasingly becoming commercialised – with many restaurants and hotels cashing in on the festive season through tempting offers and Ramadan tents. “I personally put on around 5kg during Ramadan,” said Hamsa Haddad, a 40-year-old Syrian sales executive. “It is the only time I eat sweets every day and I also eat at around midnight. “I eat much more and I also do not go to bed before 3am.” Haddad said she also spends more on outings – as at least twice a week she goes to eat at a Ramadan tent. “You hear a lot about them and it is always something new so you want to try it out,” Haddad said. However, Abir Al Habash, 47, a Syrian housewife, said that she is saddened over what Ramadan has become. “Ramadan has been reduced to food, tents and abaya fashion,” she said. “The concepts of modesty and compassion which Ramadan should represent are no longer there.” contd..

Several people giving Sadaqatul fitr to one Person Q: Is it permissible for several people to give their sadaqatul fitr to one poor person? A: It is permissible. كما جاز دفع صدقة جماعة إلى مسكين واحد بلا خلاف (تنوير الأبصار مع رد المحتار 2/367, مراقي الفلاح مع حاشية الطحطاوى ص725) Answered by: Mufti Zakaria Makada Checked & Approved: Mufti Ebrahim Salejee (Isipingo Beach)

The Taraweeh of the Salaf-us-Saliheen Reliablefatwa.com Rasulullah (sallallahu alayhi wasallam) stated: “The Most Superior of my Ummah is my generation (i.e. the Sahabah), then those who follow them (the Tabi’een), then those who follow them (the Tab-e-Tabi’een).” (Bukhari, Muslim) “Indeed, those who will still be alive after me will see many differences; so hold fast to my Sunnah, and the Sunnah of the Khulafa Rashideen (i.e. Hadhrat Abu Bakr, Hadhrat Umar, Hadhrat Ali, and Hadhrat Uthman radhiyallahu anhum) after me. Adhere to and cling tightly to it and beware of newly-invented matters, for every newly-invented matter is an innovation and every innovation is deviation.” (Tirmidhi, Abu Dawud) PART ONE A SUMMARY OF THE VIEW OF THE SALAF-US-SALIHEEN The issue of Taraweeh exposes thoroughly the falsity and hollowness of the claims of the Salafi sect of being faithful representatives of the Salaf-us-Saliheen – the first three generations of this Ummah regarding whom Rasulullah (sallallahu alayhi wasallam) testified to their superiority. Any ‘Deen’, such as that expounded by the Salafis, modernists and other deviant sects, which is at variance with the Deen of the Salaf-us-Saliheen is a deviated imposter of a ‘Deen’ which has no relation to the blessed Sunnah of Rasulullah (sallallahu alayhi wasallam). Even a perfunctory perusal of the rulings of the Salaf-us-Saliheen as transmitted by all the early Fuqaha reveals the fact that there was complete Ijma’ (consensus) of the Salaf-us-Saliheen, including the Sahabah (radhiyallahu anhum), that Taraweeh consists of 20 raka’ts of congregational prayers. This was the position of ALL the Aimmah Mujtahideen, the authoritative scholars of the Salaf-us-Saliheen, who based their ruling on the Ijma’ (consensus) of the Sahabah (radhiyallahu anhum). While the Salafi and modernist sects of today continue to conjure up various different opinions, ranging from 20 rakat’s being branded a Bid’ah (al-Albani, Ahlul Hadeeth, & co.) to the overwhelmingly liberal trend today of 8 raka’ts, 2 rakat’s, half a raka’t, and anything and everything being ‘valid ikhtilaaf’, the ONLY ikhtilaaf transmitted from the Salaf-us-Saliheen is in regards to the extra four raka’ts of Nafl prayed individually in the period of rest that would occur after every four raka’ts during the 20 raka’ts of congregational prayer. As shall be demonstrated, while the Salaf-us-Saliheen of Makkah Mukarramah would perform Tawaaf during these 4 periods of rest, the Salaf-us-Saliheen of Madinah Munawarrah would pray 4 raka’ts individually, thus bringing the total to 20 + 4 x 4 = 36 raka’ts. Another 3 raka’ts or 5 raka’ts or Witr would bring the total number in Madinah to 39 or 41 respectively. However, in terms of the 20 raka’ts of congregational prayers, there was absolutely no difference amongst the Salaf-us-Saliheen. Allamah Ibn Qudamah’s Summary of Position of the Salaf-us-Saliheen Before providing a brief background on the basis of the ruling of the Salaf-us-Saliheen, and casting a cursory look into the blessed environment in which the four Imams and other Imams of the most superior of generations of this Ummah had begun the codification, systemization, and compilation of the Deen of the Salaf-us-Saliheen, we shall first quote Allamah Ibn Qudamah, whom even the Salafis accept to be amongst the most authoritative transmitters of the rulings of Imam Ahmad ibn Hanbal, to serve as a useful summary of view of the Salaf-us-Saliheen with regards to the Taraweeh prayers. Allamah Ibn Qudamah (rahmatullahi alayh) states in his famous, authoritative work known as “al-Mughni”: “The Mukhtaar (i.e. the adopted and chosen) position according to Abu Abdullah (i.e. Imam Ahmad) is 20 Raka’ts and this is the position of ath-Thawri, Abu Hanifa and Shafi’i. Malik said that it is 36 Rakahs while asserting that it is the age-old practice connected with the Amal (practice) of the people of Madinah, for Saalih, the Mawla of Taw-amah, said, “I have found the people standing up for 41 raka’ts, 5 of which was the Witr salaat.” [The proof] for us is that when Umar (radhiyallahu anhu) gathered the people behind Ubayy ibn Ka’b (radhiyallahu anhu), he lead them for 20 raka’ts. And it has been narrated by al-Hasan that Umar gathered the people behind Ubayy bin Ka’b who lead them for 20 raka’ts…this was also narrated by Abu Dawud, and narrated by Saa-ib bin Yazeed (radhiyallahu anhu) through a number of routes. Malik narrated on the authority of Yazeed bin Roomaan, that he said, “The people would stand up for prayer for 23 raka’ts in Ramadhan, during the era of Umar (radhiyallahu anhu)”, and also on the authority of Ali (radhiyallahu anhu) that he ordered a man to lead them (the people) for 20 raka’ts in Ramadhan. And this is like Ijma’ (consensus).” Elsewhere, Allamah Ibn Qudamah mentions that the 20 raka’ts is based on the Ijma’ of the Sahabah – the highest form of Ijma’ possible: “There has been the Ijma’ of the Sahabah (radhiyallahu anhum) on 20 raka’ts of taraweeh.” Allamah Ibn Qudamah mentions that Taraweeh is a Sunnah Mu’akkadah – an emphasized Sunnah omission of which is blameworthy without a valid excuse: “The prayer of the month of Ramadān is twenty raka’ts i.e. Salaat-ut-Taraweeh, and it is Sunnah Mu’akkadah. Rasulullah (sallallahu alayhi wasallam) was the first to make it a Sunnah…Taraweeh was only ascribed to Umar ibn al-Khattab because he gathered the people behind Ubayy ibn Ka‘b, so he would lead them in Salaat-ut-Taraweeh.” Allamah Ibn Qudamah states regarding the only Ikhtilaaf reported from the Salaf-us-Saliheen, that of 39 raka’ts or 41 raka’ts, which was the practice of the people of Madinah: “Some of the Ahlul Ilm (i.e. the Ulama of the Salaf-us-Saliheen) said: ‘This practice of the people of Madinah was due to the fact that they desired to equal the people of Makkah who would perform 7 Tawaafs between each Tarweehah (i.e. in the rest period after every 4 raka’ts), hence the people of Madinah would pray 4 raka’ts as a substitute for the 7 (Tawaafs). And that which the Sahabah (radhiyallahu anhum) were upon is the most favoured and most deserving of being followed.” Here ends the excerpts from Allamah Ibn Qudamah which is merely a re-iteration of what innumerable early Fuqaha have transmitted from the best of generations. A glimpse into this mass-transmission of the ruling of the Salaf-us-Saliheen will be given in this article insha-Allah. Before proceeding, it must be noted that the early Fuqaha did not pull the rulings they had written down out of their back pocket. They were not reliant on a few copies of Bukhari Sharif, Muslim Sharif, Al-bani ‘Sharif’ etc. they happened to stumble across in their living room, nor were they reliant on Hazrat Google Sharif, or a smattering on Arabic they happened to learn on the side during a life-time of indulgence in Haraam and Mushtabah (doubtful) matters. These Ulama were Paragons of piety, immersed in Zikrullah, who understood that the Noor of Ilm (Knowledge of the Deen), and its correct understanding, was purely ‘wahbi’ i.e. divinely bestowed by Allah (azza wa jal) and thus completely dependent on Taqwa, Wara’ (abstinence from even permissible matters), and firm adherence to every minute Sunnah of Habeebullah (sallallahu alayhi wasallam). Such Ulama-e-Haqq acquired all their knowledge directly from numerous other Ulama-e-Haqq, often numbering in the hundreds, who themselves acquired their Deen from their numerous teachers, and so on, through continuous, unbroken chains that would stretch just a few generations back to the Imams of the Salaf-us-Saliheen. Thus, when Hafiz Ibn Qudamah or Imam Nawawi affirms that Imam Ahmad ibn Hanbal or Imam Shafi’i, who were the leading scholars of the third and final tier of the Salaf-us-Saliheen, held the position that Taraweeh is 20 raka’ts, then such attributions are based on a firm conviction stemming from a direct acquisition of knowledge from a multitude of Ulama-e-Haqq who in term had acquired their knowledge from another multitude of Ulama-e-Haqq, and so on, through multiple Sanads (chains) consisting of only a few names between them and the Imams of the Salaf-us-Saliheen. In any case, statements from the Imams of the Salaf-us-Saliheen themselves, and their direct students, will be produced to confirm the unanimous ruling of 20 raka’ts based on the Ijma’ of the Sahabah (radhiyallahu anhum), and recorded by all the early Fuqaha of this Ummah. To be continued….

Xe-NO-phobia A man once visited the Masjid of Nabi (sallallahu alayhi wasallam) in Madinah. There he saw a group of people sitting and discussing their faith. Among them were Sayyiduna Salman (r.a) from Persia, Sayyiduna Suhayb (r.a) who grew up in the Eastern Roman Empire and was regarded as a Greek, and Sayyiduna Bilal (r.a) who was an African . The man then said: “If the (Madinan) tribes of Aws and Khazraj support Muhammad, (it is understood because they are Arabs like him) they are his people. But what are these (foreign) people doing here?” (Implying an obvious dislike for foreigners) Rasulullah (sallallahu alayhi wasallam) became very angry when this was reported to him. He went to the Masjid and summoned the people to prayer. He then addressed them saying: “Oh people, know that the Lord and Sustainer is One. Your ancestor is one; your faith is one. The Arabism of anyone of you is not (by virtue of the nobility of) your mother or father. It is no more than a tongue (language).” Rasulullah (sallallahu alayhi wasallam) further said: “Let people stop boasting about their ancestors. One is only a pious believer or a miserable sinner. All men are sons of Adam, and Adam came from dust.” (Abu Dawud) Rasulullah (sallallahu alayhi wasallam) said: “He is not of us who advocates the cause of racial discrimination, he is not of us who fights in the cause of racial discrimination and he is not of us who dies in the cause of racial discrimination.” (Abu Dawud)

Using Zakaat Funds to Purchase Hampers and Feed Poor People Q: Is it permissible to use zakaat funds to purchase hampers and feed the poor ? Similarly, is it permissible to provide iftaar for the poor in the month of Ramadhaan using zakaat funds? A: It will be permissible to use zakaat funds to feed the poor provided the requirement of tamleek is found. Tamleek means to transfer ownership of the wealth to someone who is eligible for zakaat. Therefore if the poor were given the zakaat hampers, the zakaat will be discharged. If the poor were not given the zakaat hampers but were merely invited for a meal and were allowed to partake of it, then zakaat will not be discharged since the requirement of tamleek was not found. Similar is the case regarding the iftaar food in the month of Ramadhaan. If the poor were given an iftaar hamper, the zakaat will be discharged. If the poor were not given the zakaat hampers but were merely invited to partake of the food provided, then the zakaat will not be discharged since the requirement of tamleek was not found. قوله ( تمليكا ) فلا يكفي فيها الإطعام إلا بطريق التمليك ولو أطعمه عنده ناويا الزكاة لا تكفي (شامي 2/344) Answered by: Mufti Zakaria Makada Checked & Approved: Mufti Ebrahim Salejee (Isipingo Beach)

Discharging sadaqatul fitr for the passed years Q: If I didn't know I had to pay fitra for the past 10 years, how do I make up for it and will it count if I didn't know about fitra but my father used to pay it for me without telling me? A: 1. You should pay the equivalent of the current years fitra for the previous years missed fitra. 2. If your father discharged fitra on your behalf for the previous years without your knowledge, the fitra will not be discharged in the case where you were not being supported by your father. However in the case where you were being supported by your father, then the fitra will be discharged. And Allah Ta'ala (الله تعالى) knows best. ( تجب ) … ( موسعا في العمر ) عند أصحابناوهو الصحيح بحر عن البدائع معللا بأن الأمر بأدائها مطلق الزكاة على قول كما مر قال الشامي : قوله ( وهو الصحيح ) هو ما عليه المتون بقولهم وصح لو قدم أو أخر قوله ( مطلق ) أي عن الوقت فتجب في مطلق الوقت وإنما يتعين بتعيينه فعلا أو آخر العمر ففي أي وقت أدى كان مؤديا لا قاضيا كما في سائر الواجبات الموسعة غير أن المستحب قبل الخروج إلى المصلى لقوله عليه الصلاة والسلام أغنوهم عنه المسألة في هذا اليوم بدائع (رد المحتار 2/ 358-359) ولا يجوز أن يعطي عن غير عياله إلا بأمره كذا في المحيط (الفتاوى الهندية 1/ 193) ( تجب ) … ( لا عن زوجته ) وولده الكبير العاقل ولو أدى عنهما بلا إذن أجزأ استحسانا للإذن عادة أي لو في عياله وإلا فلا (الدر المختار 2/ 363) ولا يؤدي عن زوجته ولا عن أولاده الكبار وإن كانوا في عياله ولو أدى عنهم أو عن زوجته بغير أمرهم أجزأهم استحسانا كذا في الهداية وعليه الفتوى كذا في فتاوى قاضي خان (الفتاوى الهندية 1/ 193 ، فتاوى رحيمية 7 /197) Answered by: Mufti Zakaria Makada Checked & Approved: Mufti Ebrahim Salejee (Isipingo Beach)

Q: Upon whom is sadaqatul fitr waajib? A: Sadaqatul fitr is waajib upon the one (who after deducting his debts and liabilities and after excluding his needs and necessities of life e.g. car, house, furniture etc.) possesses wealth which equals the nisaab amount on the morning of Eid (at the time of subah saadiq). تجب على حر مسلم مكلف مالك لنصاب أو قيمته وإن لم يحل عليه الحول عند طلوع فجر يوم الفطر ولم يكن للتجارة فارغ عن الدين وحاجته الأصلية وحوائج عياله والمعتبر فيها الكفاية لا التقدير وهي مسكنه وأثاثه وثيابه وفرسه وسلاحه وعبيده للخدمة (مراقي الفلاح مع حاشية الطحطاوى ص723, الدر المختار مع رد المحتار 2/358) Answered by: Mufti Zakaria Makada Checked & Approved: Mufti Ebrahim Salejee (Isipingo Beach)

Delaying Iftaar till the completion of Azaan Q. Does the time of Iftaar only commence after the completion of Azaan? I have been to some Masaajid in which Iftaar only commences after the completion of Azaan? (Question published as received) A. The end of a fast (Iftaar) is at sunset time. (Kifaayatul Mufti 4/249) Accordingly, a fasting person should end his fast at sunset which is generally the time that Azaan commences and should not delay it until the completion of the Azaan. Rasulullah Sallallahu Alayhi wa Sallam said: “The people will remain on the right path as long as they hasten in breaking the fast.” (Bukhari) And Allah Ta'ala Knows Best Mufti Ismaeel Bassa Confirmation: Mufti Ebrahim Desai Fatwa Department Jamiatul Ulama (KZN)

Thinking before Carrying Out any Action Hazrat Moulana Ashraf Ali Thanwi (rahmatullahi ‘alaih) once mentioned: One should think and ponder before uttering any word or carrying out any action. Through thinking and pondering before doing any deed one will save oneself from errors and mistakes. (Malfoozaat Hakeemul Ummat 8/270)

Preparation for Ramadhan before Ramadhan Shaykh (Mufti) Taqi Usmani (HA) Mufti, Darul-uloom Karachi (Tweet, 11th of June 2015) No Muslim is unaware of the sanctity of this (blessed) month. Allah (SWT) has made this month a means and opportunity to have the sins forgiven and to have their ranks elevated for the entire Ummah. Nabi (Sallallaho Alaihe Wassallam) used to observe the moon for Rajab and pray: Oh Allah! Grant us Barakah (Blessing) during (the months of) Rajab and Sha’ban, and allow us to reach Ramadhan. This prayer is to beseech an increase in our age so that we may reach Ramadhan. The blessed month is about to be approached and the blessings of Allah (SWT) are about to rain down upon us. In order for us to partake from these blessings we need to make preparations. We need to be conscious and aware of each and every month, to value it and to realise its importance. Heedlessness, carelessness and procrastination does nothing but defer today to tomorrow and tomorrow to day after. It is of critical importance that we prepare for Ramadhan before it arrives. This is a month of fasting and its nights have Taraweeh designated as Sunnah Moa’kiddah by Shariah. In reality, this entire month is designated to give all Muslims a new lease of life. For 11 months we remain preoccupied with our affairs of these months and Ghaflah (heedlessness) may creep into our spiritual state weakening our connection with Allah (SWT). This (blessed) month was granted for those who have gone a little distant from Allah (SWT) to come closer and to have an increase in their connection with Allah (SWT). Ramadhan: A Training Course This month is also of vital importance because it is like a training course which is mandated upon every Muslim. It is a month to train and spiritually rejuvenate. It is a month to attract the Blessings of Allah (SWT) towards us. It is a month to strengthen our bond with Allah (SWT). It is a month to form habits to stay away from sins. Primary purpose of Fasting Fasting is a major act of worship but its purpose is to inculcate habits to subdue base desires of the Nafs. [2:183] O you who believe, the fasts have been enjoined upon you as they were enjoined upon those before you, so that you may be God-fearing. The primary purpose for the obligation of fasting is to inculcate and develop Taqwa. What is Taqwa? It is to crush and oppose the (emerging) desire to do wrong, the urge to commit wrong and the inclination towards sin while being conscious of the Grandeur, Majesty & Splendour of Allah (SWT). (For example, the heart is developing the desire to cast one’s gaze towards something which is impermissible but the person while being (conscious) of the fact that he is a Servant of Allah (SWT), he will now become aware that each and every action of his is being watched by Allah (SWT), that he will have to answer for each and every action (tomorrow) so this awareness makes him turn away from casting his gaze in a sinful manner). Similarly, the heart may be developing a desire to commit backbiting or to lie but the person strongly resists, desists and turns away from these sins while being fully conscious of the Grandeur, Majesty & Splendour of Allah (SWT). Fasting is meant to develop Taqwa (through self-restraint). A believer when he makes intention for fasting refrains from eating or drinking until sunset no matter how enticing the smell of delicious food is to him. He refrains from lawful conjugational relationship with his wife. No Muslim will give in to these desires because he is fasting. In hot weather while going through thirst a Muslim will refrain from drinking cold water even though there is nobody to catch or see him only due to the Fear of Allah (SWT). This powerful force which is preventing him from indulging in these actions is indeed Fear and recognition of the Grandeur of Allah (SWT). It has been explained that fasting has been made compulsory for you to inculcate and develop Taqwa in you so that in your (normal routine) you develop the ability to resist sins and (base) desires. But in order to take advantage of this training course we must be prepare for it before it arrives.

Posting articles below.... Correct way to Welcome Ramadhan Shaykh (Mufti) Taqi Usmani (HA) Mufti, Darul-uloom Karachi (Tweet, 10th of June 2015) It is unfortunate that we have mixed and traditions with acts of worship. Certain acts have become vogue (fashion) which weaken the soul of the acts of the worship. In the Islamic world certain formalities and programs are conducted to mark the coming of Ramadhan. Speeches, Nasheeds, meals etc are arranged in these gatherings in many parts of the Islamic world. I first witnessed these “Ramadhan Welcome” gatherings in Egypt and a massive program was held in Egypt under this pretext. It is praiseworthy in its spirit to prepare to welcome this month. Shaykh (Maulana) Ashraf Ali Thanwi (RA) has stated in his Book of Khutbahs that this month should be welcomed with desire, yearning and passion. It is commendable but it should be watched that this welcoming in itself doesn’t become a custom. My (esteemed) father used to say that Laylatul Qad’r was ordained for the servant to devote himself to the worship of his Master but when it became ritualised fireworks etc were added to it (as customs). Gatherings are held in it, elaborate meals are prepared, Qawwali (singing) is arranged and Shaytaan makes the entire night go by in these rituals instead of (acts of) worship. When Shaytaan wants to destroy worship, he engages the masses in these rituals. These ritualistic customs are now creeping into “Welcome Ramadhan” gatherings. It is my apprehension that this will take the form of Bid’aa (innovation) in the future. The real welcoming of Ramadhan is for a believer to mentally prepare himself to submit to Allah (SWT). For a believer to ponder upon the (blessed) opportunities which this month provides. To think about our purpose and to realign our goals and objectives to it. Mentally, we should be preparing to make changes during this month to submit to Allah (SWT). Nabi (Sallallaho Alaihe Wassallam) used to observe the moon for Rajab and pray: Oh Allah! Grant us Barakah (Blessing) during (the months of) Rajab and Sha’ban, and allow us to reach Ramadhan. He (Sallallaho Alaihe Wassallam) was eager before the start of the month. He (Sallallaho Alaihe Wassallam) was desirous to avail this blessed month. He (Sallallaho Alaihe Wassallam) yearned to reach this month. Similarly, it is important and critical for Muslims to cast an eye on the importance of this month and start preparing.

Will Zakaat be Fulfilled if it is used to Purchase an Item for a School? Q: Will zakaat be fulfilled if it is used to purchase an item for a school? A: The zakaat will not be fulfilled unless a poor student is made the owner of the item. ويشترط أن يكون الصرف ( تمليكا ) لا إباحة كما مر ( لا ) يصرف ( إلى بناء ) نحو ( مسجد) (شامي 2/344) Answered by: Mufti Zakaria Makada Checked & Approved: Mufti Ebrahim Salejee (Isipingo Beach)

How Can A Convert Follow A School Of Thought Correctly? Answered by Abdullah Anik Misra Question: How likely is it that a convert to Islam could possibly follow a madhab correctly? When I first became Muslim, I tried to follow the Hanafi school through on-line courses, but I found that I would do things incorrectly for along time without realizing that certain things were important. So, I abandoned the Hanafi mathab because it seemed impossible, and I met a local man with ijaza to teach Maliki fiqh. However, he is my only access to information about following the Maliki madhab which concerns me because I can’t verify anything that he tells me and I don’t really know him very well. What is your recommendation for someone in such a situation? Answer: As salaamu alaikum wa rahmatullahi wa barakatuh sister, I pray this finds you in the best of imaan and health. Firstly, I would like to acknowledge that the life of a convert isn’t always easy in the beginning, with all of the confusion of hearing various opinions and simply trying to figure out how to establish one’s normal practice. When the frustrations hit a peak, you should step back from it all and look at the bigger picture. Faith is the Most Important Thing Alhumdulillah, Allah Most High has guided you, out of billions of people, to Himself. He lovingly showed you His Deen and gave you the blessing and honor of faith. Despite real challenges and struggles that we face in our lives, He has given the assurance that they are all temporary, and that the next life with Him is eternal and one of never-ending bliss. This is a clear sign that He cares for you and He would not simply let you slip between the cracks due to a few details of fiqh. So don’t feel down if it doesn’t come all at once, or if the things of secondary importance are unclear. Your priority must be on preserving your mental and physical health, and then on your practice of the Sacred Law. Islam as a Way of Mercy, Moderation and Ease When I had just become a Muslim, I too missed many witr prayers, simply because I never knew it was necessary to pray them according to the Hanafi school of thought. Years later when I realized I had to, two reliable scholars I spoke with said that because my missing them was out of an initial ignorance, I could take the position of another school which did not view them as obligatory and so I didn’t have to make them up. However, once I had the knowledge, that I would be obligated to pray witr along with my other 5 daily prayers. This is an example of how our scholars show us the mercy and vastness of Islam. Sometimes, we simply need to give our best intention and effort, and when we reach the limits of our ability and understanding, entrust the rest to Allah, the Most-Merciful. Madhabs are Meant to Simplify, Not Complicate The four schools of thought are tried, tested and true interpretations that the Ummah has been following for centuries. The average person is meant to follow a madhab because its rulings have already been laid out and saves them from having to derive the rulings, without proper qualifications, from the source texts for each and every question. As such, exactly what you did initially is correct: pick a school of thought within Sunni Islam and ask your questions to its scholars. Understanding the rulings of one’s madhab does not come overnight; rather it takes time and learning, as well as practice, to get them down. Sometimes we do things incorrectly because we didn’t understand, but that’s ok. Our honest mistakes or accidently acting on rulings from other schools are not sins, and as long as the validity of obligatory acts are not in question, once we get a clarification, we can resolve from then on to do things correctly and leave the past in the past. Considering that there are differences of opinion within the world of Islamic law, if we hear another viewpoint, we should not be frustrated because if there was only one straight answer for everything, there would be no flexibility. The true scholars know when this flexibility can be applied. Following this Deen is not meant to be difficult or impossible; following a madhab then, is not meant only for Muslims with certain backgrounds to the exclusion of others. In this vein, the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) said: “Surely, the Deen is ease, and none will be excessive in the Deen except that it will overcome him. So do the right thing, do the best you can [if you can’t do something completely], and rejoice!…” (al-Bukhari, al-Saheeh) Rejoice, because as Muslims, we know that at the end of the day, we still get rewarded, and moreso, we have Allah, the Most Gently Kind. He looks at our hearts and our intentions, and our works are never meant to earn Paradise. Rejoicing in Allah and what He has blessed you with is also a means of driving away the waswasa of the Shayton, who if he can’t remove us from Deen entirely, tries to get us to over-worry and become depressed so we leave the path of moderation and optimism and become harmful to ourselves. Once you feel he is goading you to that stage of harm, simply back off of trying and worrying about being correct and go with whatever is doable at the time. Seek answers to your specific situations, such as menstruation questions, gradually. Insha Allah, you will be rewarded for your intentions and in the end, Paradise is promised to all believers. As a beloved shaykh of ours says, “no one is going to Hell on a technicality”. How Do I Get Reliable Knowledge? If you have found a teacher who has traditional authorizations (ijazah) to teach, then there is no need to double-check his teachings if they stem from a school of thought, as Allah Ta’ala tells us to “ask the people of remembrance if you know not” (Quran 16:43), and that ijazah is the way this Ummah has preserved the knowledge of the Deen for centuries from generation to generations. However, switching madhabs can sometimes cause more confusion, and Alhumdulillah opportunities to ask and learn the Hanafi madhab online are available more than ever before. Finally, anyone who says there is no more knowledge in these days, has no knowledge themselves. Find good Muslim company if you can, continue learning at a comfortable pace with reliable institutions such as Seekers Guidance, and after putting your best foot forward without harming your health or peace of mind, trust in the encompassing mercy of your Lord and rejoice! “Allah intends ease for you; He does not intend hardship on you.” [Quran, 2:185] Wasalam Abdullah Anik Misra Checked & Approved by Faraz Rabbani seekershub