Arshad

Tijarti Mamlat - Deen ka aik aham shauba Source: Jang Weekly Magzine Written by Doctor Imran Usmani

Mashallah Nice share Jazakallah

Zhul Hijjah: Eidul-Adha, Hajj & Sacrifice Zhulhijjah is the last month of the Islamic calendar. Literally, it means "hajj." Obviously, this name of the month indicates that the great annual worship of "hajj" is performed in this month, which gives it special significance. Some specific merits and rules relevant to this month are mentioned below: First Ten Days of Zhul Hijjah The first ten days of Zhulhijjah are among the most magnificent days in the Islamic calendar. The Holy Prophet (pbuh), has said, "One fast during these days is equal to the fasting of one complete year, and the worship of one night during this period is equal to the worship in the "Lailatul-Qadr"(Tirmidhi). Every Muslim should avail of this wonderful opportunity by performing during this period as much Iba'dah (acts of worship) to Allah as he or she can. The 9th day of Zhulhijjah The 9th day of Zhulhijjah is called 'Youmul - "Arafah' (The Day of 'Arafah). This is the date when the Hujjaj (Haji pilgrims, plural of Haajj) assemble on the plain of 'Arafat, six miles away from Makkah al-Mukarramah, where they perform the most essential part of the prescribed duties of hajj, namely, the 'Wuqoof of'Arafat (the stay in 'Arafat). The Fast of Youmul 'Arafah For those not performing hajj, it is mustahabb (desirable) to fast on this day according to their own calendar. It sometimes occurs that 9th Zhulhijjah falls on different days in different countries according to the sighting of the moon. In such cases, Muslims of each country should observe 'Youmul'Arafah according to the lunar dates of their own country. The fast of 'Youmul 'Arafah' has been emphasized by the Holy Prophet (pbuh), as a mustahabb (desirable) act. According to a hadith, the fast of thisday becomes a cause, hopefully so, of forgiveness for sins committed in one year (Muslim) Takbir-ut-tashriq Beginning from the Fajr of the 9th Zhulhijjah up to the 'Asr prayer of the 13th, it is obligatory on each Muslim to recite the Takbir of Tashriq after every fard prayer in the following words. Allahu Akbar, Allahu Akbar, La Ilaha Illallahu, Wallahu Akbar, Allahu Akbar wa lillahilhamd. (There is no god but Allah and Allah is the greatest, Allah is the greatest and to Allah belongs all praise.) According to authentic Islamic sources, it is obligatory on each Muslim, to recite this Takbir after every fard salah. For women also, it is commendable though not obligatory. Whether you are performing salah with Jama'ah (collectively) or on your own (individually) makes no difference. You must recite the Takbir. However, male Muslims should recite it in a loud voice, while females should recite it in a low voice. On the Eid day The following acts are sunnah on the day of Eidul- adha: 1. To wake up early in the morning. 2. To clean one's teeth with a miswak or brush 3. To take a bath. 4. To put on one's best available clothes. 5. To use perfume. 6. Not to eat before the Eid prayer. 7. To recite the Takbir of Tashriq in a loud voice while going to the Eid prayer. Khutbah: The Address of Eidul-Adha In the salah of Eid, Khutbah is a sunnah and is delivered after the salah, unlike the salah of Jumu'ah where it is fard and is delivered before the salah. However, listening to the khutbah of Eid salah is wajib or necessary and must be listened to in perfect peace and silence. Sacrifice or Qurbani: Philosophy and Rules The Urdu and Persian word Qurbani (Sacrificial slaughter) is derived from the Arabic word Qurban. Lexically, it means an act performed to seek Allah's pleasure. Originally, the word Qurban included all acts of charity because the purpose of charity is nothing but to seek Allah's pleasure. But, in precise religious terminology, the word was later confined to the sacrifice of an animal slaughtered for the sake of Allah. The sacrifice of an animal has always been treated as a recognized form of worship in all religious orders originating from a divine book. Even in pagan societies, the sacrifice of an animal is recognized as a form of worship, but it is done in the name of some idols and not in the name of Allah, a practice totally rejected by Islam.In the Shari'ah of our beloved Prophet (pbuh), the sacrifice of an animal has been recognized as a form of worship only during three days of Zhulhijjah, namely, the 10th, 11th and 12th of the month. This is to commemorate the unparalleled sacrifice offered by the Prophet Ibrahim (a.s), when he, in pursuance to a command of Allah conveyed to him in a dream, prepared himself to slaughter his beloved son, Isma'il (a.s), and actually did so but, Allah Almighty, after testing his submission, sent down a sheep and saved his son from the logical fate of slaughter. It is from that time onwards that the sacrifice of an animal became an obligatory duty to be performed by every well to do Muslim. Qurbani is a demonstration of total submission to Allah and a proof of complete obedience to Allah's will or command. When a Muslim offers a Qurbani, this is exactly what he intends to prove. Thus, the Qurbani offered by a Muslim signifies that he is a slave of Allah at his best and that he would not hesitate even for a moment, once he receives an absolute command from his Creator, to surrender before it, to obey it willingly, even if it be at the price of his life and possessions. The Time of Qurbani Qurbani can only be performed during the three days of Eid, namely the 10th, 11th and 12th of Zhulhijjah. It is only in these days that slaughtering of an animal is recognized as an act of worship. No Qurbani can be performed in any other days of the year.Although Qurbani is permissible on each of the three aforesaid days, yet it is preferable to perform it on the first day i.e. the 10th of Zhulhijjah. No Qurbani is allowed before the Eid prayer is over. However, in small villages where the Eid prayer is not to be performed, Qurbani can be offered' any time after the break of dawn on the 10th of Zhulhijjah. Who is Required to Perform Qurbani? Every adult Muslim, male or female, who owns 613.35 grams of silver or its equivalent in money, personal ornaments, stock-in-trade or any other form of wealth which is surplus to his basic needs, is under an obligation to offer a Qurbani. Each adult member of a family who owns the above mentioned amount must perform his own Qurbani separately. If the husband owns the required quantity, but the wife does not, the Qurbani is obligatory on the husband only and vice-versa. If both of them have the prescribed amount of wealth, both should perform Qurbani separately. If the adult children live with their parents, Qurbani is obligatory on each one of them possessing the prescribed amount. The Qurbani offered by a husband for himself does not fulfil the obligation of his wife, nor can the Qurbani offered by a father discharge his son or daughter from their obligation. Each one of them should care for his own. However, if a husband or a father, apart from offering his own Qurbani, gives another Qurbani on behalf of his wife or his son, he can do so with their permission. No Alternate for Qurbani Some people think that instead of offering a Qurbani they should give its amount to some poor people as charity. This attitude is totally wrong. Actually, there are different forms of worship obligatory on Muslims. Each one of them has its own importance and none of them can stand for the other. It is not permissible for a Muslim to perform salah instead of fasting in Ramadan, nor is it permissible for him to give some charity instead of observing the obligatory Salah. Similarly, Qurbani is an independent form of worship and this obligation cannot be discharged by spending money in charity. However, if somebody, out of his ignorance or negligence, could not offer Qurbani on the three prescribed days (10th, 11th and 12th Zhulhijjah) then, in that case only, he can give the price of a Qurbani as sadaqah to those entitled to receive Zakah. But during the days of Qurbani no Sadaqah can discharge the obligation. The Animals of Qurbani The following animals can be slaughtered to offer a Qurbani: 1. Goat, either male or female, of at least one year of age. 2. Sheep, either male or female, of at least six months of age. 3. Cow, ox buffalo of at least two years of age. 4. Camel, male or female, of at least five years of age. One head of goat or sheep is enough only for one person's Qurbani. But as for all other animals like cow, buffalo or camel, one head of each is equal to seven offerings thus allowing seven persons to offer Qurbani jointly in one such animal. Rules about Defective Animals The following defective animals are not acceptable in Qurbani: 1. Blind, one eyed or lame animal. 2. An animal so emaciated that it cannot walk to its slaughtering place. 3. An animal with one-third part of the ear or the nose or the tail missing. 4. An animal that has no teeth at all, or the major number of its teeth are missing. 5. An animal born without ears. The Sunnah Method of Qurbani It is more preferable for a Muslim to slaughter the animal of his Qurbani with his own hands. However, if he is unable to slaughter the animal himself, or does not want to do so for some reason, he can request another person to slaughter it on his behalf. In this case also, it is more preferable that he, at least, be present at the time of slaughter. However, his absence at the time of slaughter does not render the Qurbani invalid, if he has authorized the person who slaughtered the animal on his behalf. It is a Sunnah to lay the animal with its face towards the Qiblah, and to recite the following verseof the Holy Quran: I, being upright, turn my face towards the One who has created the heavens and the earth, and I am not among those who associate partners with Allah. ( Al-An'am, 6:79) But the most essential recitation when slaughtering an animal is: Bismillah, Allahu Akbar. (In the name of Allah, Allah is the greatest). Distribution of the Meat If an animal is sacrificed by more than one person, like cow or camel, its meat should be distributed equally among its owners by weighing the meat strictly and not at random or by mere guess. Even if all the partners agree on its distribution without weighing, it is still not permissible according to shari'ah. Although the person offering a Qurbani can keep all its meat for his own use, yet, it is preferable to distribute one-third among the poor, another one third among his relatives and then, keep the rest for his personal consumption. All parts of the sacrificed animal can be used for personal benefit, but none can be sold, nor can be given to the butcher as a part of his wages. Hajj The most important way of worship performed in this month is "hajj", one of the five pillars of Islam. The Muslims from every part of the world assemble in Arabia to perform this unique way of worship. Hajj is a worship, which requires at least five days to be performed in its proper way. There are detailed rules for different acts of hajj for which separate books are available, and the present article does not aim at explaining all these details. However, some basic information about its obligation is being given here: 1. Hajj is obligatory on every adult Muslim who can afford to go to Makkah during the hajj season, whether on foot or by any other carriage. 2. If a person can travel to Makkah to perform hajj, but he cannot travel to Madinah, hajj is obligatory on him also. He can perform hajj without visiting Madinah. 3. A Muslim woman cannot travel for hajj unless she is accompanied by a mahram (i.e. husband or relative of a prohibited degree like son, father, brother etc.) If she does not find any mahram to accompany her, hajj is not obligatory on her until she finds one. However, she must make a will that in case she dies before performing hajj,the heirs should arrange for her hajj-e-badal out of her left over property. 4. Hajj is obligated only once in one's life. After performing the obligatory hajj; one is not required to perform it again. However, he can perform the nafl (optional hajj as many times as he or she wishes.) This is a summary of an article written by Sh. Mufti Taqi Usmani Sb.

Six Fasts of Shawwal Shawwal is the tenth month of the Islamic lunar calendar. It comes immediately after Ramadan. Shawwal is also the first month of the Ashhur al -hajj - (the months of Hajj). Eidul Fitr also occurs in this month. Regarding the six fasts of Shawwal Abu Ayyub (ra) reports: The Messenger of Allah (PBUH) said, "He who observes As-Saum (the fasts) in the month of Ramadan, and also observes As-Saum for six days in the month of Shawwal, it is as if he has observed As-Saum for the whole year.'' [Muslim]. According to the formula that there is at least ten-fold reward for every virtue, the Saum of one month (Ramadan) are equivalent to Saum of ten months. If one also observes six days of Saum of Shawwal, they will be equal to Saum of two months. Thus, one becomes eligible for the reward of one full years' Saum. He who makes it a permanent feature is like one who observes Saum throughout his life. He will be considered by Allah as one who observes Saum permanently. Although voluntary in nature, they are highly important. One can observe these six-day Saum at a stretch or with intervals, but their observance one after the other at the beginning of the month is better. Similarly, if a person has missed some Saum of Ramadan due to illness, traveling etc., he should first make up the shortfall and then observe the voluntary six-day Saum of Shawwal. Jami'yyatul Ulama Canada

The Month of Rajab Rajab is the seventh month in the Islamic lunar calendar. This month was regarded as one of the sacred months (Al-Ash-hur-Al-hurum) in which battles were prohibited in the days of the Holy Prophet Sallallahu alaihi wa sallam. It is also deemed to be a prelude to the month of Ramadhân, because the month of Ramadhân follows it after the intervening month of Sha'ban. Therefore, when the Holy Prophet Sallallahu alaihi wa sallam sighted the moon of Rajab, he used to supplicate to Allâh in the following words: "O Allâh, make the months of Rajab and Sha'ban blessed for us, and let us reach the month of Ramadhân (i.e. prolong our life up to Ramadhân, so that we may benefit from its merits and blessings)." Although the month of Rajab has the aforesaid merits, yet no specific way of worship has been prescribed by the Shari'ah in this month. People have invented some special rituals or practices in this month which are not supported by reliable resources of the Shari'ah or are based on some unauthentic traditions. Here we briefly discuss the night of ascension. Celebration of Lailatul Me'râj It is generally believed that the great event of Me'râj (ascension of the Holy Prophet Sallallahu alaihi wa sallam to the heavens) took place on the night of 27th Rajab. Therefore, some people celebrate the night as "Lailatul Me'râj". Indeed, the event of Me'râj was one of the most remarkable episodes in the life of our beloved Nabi Sallallahu alaihi wa sallam. He was called by Almighty Allâh. He travelled from Makkah to Baitul Maqdis and from there he ascended the heavens through the miraculous power of Allâh. He was honoured with a direct contact with his Creator at a place where even the angels had no access. This was the unique honour conferred by Allâh to the Holy Prophet Sallallahu alaihi wa sallam alone. It was the climax of the spiritual progress which is not attained by anybody except him. No doubt the night in which he was blessed with this unparalleled honour was one of the great nights in the history of this world. But, as we have explained in our discussion about the month of Rabi'ul-Awwal, Islam has its own principles with regard to the historic and religious events. Its approach about observing festivals and celebrating days and nights is totally different from the approach of other religions. The Holy Qur'ân and the Sunnah of the Holy Prophet Sallallahu alaihi wa sallam did not prescribe any festival or any celebration to commemorate an event from the past, however remarkable it might have been. Instead, Islam has prescribed two annual celebrations only. One is Eid-ul-Fitr and the other is Eid-ul-Adha. Both of these festivals have been fixed at a date on which the Muslims accomplish a great ibâdah (worship) every year. Eid-ul-Fitr has been prescribed after the fasts of Ramadhân, while Eid-ul-Adha has been fixed when the Muslims perform the Haj annually. None of these two Eids is designed to commemorate a particular event of the past, which has happened in these dates. This approach is indicative of the fact that the real occasion for a happy celebration is the day in which the celebrators themselves have accomplished remarkable work through their own active effort. As for the accomplishments of our ancestors, their commemoration should not be restricted to a particular day or night. Instead, their accomplishments must be remembered every day in our practical life by observing their teachings and following the great examples they have set for us. Keeping this principle in view, the following points should be remembered with regard to the "Lailatul-Me'râj": 1) We cannot say with absolute certainty in which night the great event of Me'râj had taken place. Although some traditions relate this event to the 27th night of the month of Rajab, yet there are other traditions which suggest some other dates. Al-Zurqâni, the famous biographer of the Holy Prophet Sallallahu alaihi wa sallam has referred to five different views in this respect: Rabi'ul Awwal, Rabi'ul Âkhir, Rajab, Ramadhân and Shawwal. Later, while discussing different traditions, he has added a sixth opinion, that the Me'râj took place in the month of Zul-Hijjah. Allamah Abdul Haq Muhaddith Dehlawi, the well-known scholar of Hadîth, has written a detailed book on the merits of Islamic months. While discussing 'Lailatul Me'râj', he has mentioned that most of the scholars are of the view that the event of Me'râj took place in the month of Ramadhân or in Rabi'ul Awwal. 2) It is also not certainly known in which year the event of Me'râj took place. There are a number of views mentioned in the books of history, which suggest a wide range between the fifth year and the twelfth year after the Prophet Sallallahu alaihi wa sallam was entrusted with prophethood. Now, if it is assumed that the event of Me'râj took place in the fifth year of his prophethood, it will mean that the Holy Prophet Sallallahu alaihi wa sallam remained in this world for eighteen years after this event. Even if it is presumed that the Me'râj took place in the twelfth year of his prophethood, his remaining lifetime after this event would be eleven years. Throughout this long period, which may range between eleven and eighteen years, the Holy Prophet Sallallahu alaihi wa sallam never celebrated the event of Me'râj, nor did he give any instructions about it. No one can prove that the Holy Prophet Sallallahu alaihi wa sallam ever performed some specific modes of worship in a night, calling it the 'Lailatul Me'râj' or advised his followers to commemorate the event in a particular manner. 3) After the demise of the Holy Prophet Sallallahu alaihi wa sallam also, not one of his companions is reported to celebrate this night as a night of special acts of worship. They were the true lovers of the Holy Prophet Sallallahu alaihi wa sallam and had devoted their lives to preserve every minute detail of the Sunnah of the Holy Prophet Sallallahu alaihi wa sallam and other Islamic teachings. Still, they did not celebrate the event of Me'râj in a particular night in a particular way. All these points go a long way to prove that the celebration of the 27th night of Rajab, being the Lailatul Me'râj has no basis in the Sunnah of the Holy Prophet Sallallahu alaihi wa sallam or in the practice of his noble companions. Had it been a commendable practice to celebrate this night, the exact date of this event would have been preserved accurately by the Ummah and the Holy Prophet Sallallahu alaihi wa sallam and his blessed companions would have given specific directions for it. Therefore, it is not a Sunnah to celebrate the 'Lailatul Me'râj'. We cannot take any practice as a Sunnah by our own emotions, unless it is established through authentic sources that the Holy Prophet Sallallahu alaihi wa sallam or his noble companions have recognized it as such, otherwise it may become a bid'ah about which the Holy Prophet Sallallahu alaihi wa sallam has observed in the following words: "Whoever invents something in our religion which is not part of it, it is to be rejected." Being mindful of this serious warning, we should appreciate that the 27th night of the month of Rajab is not like 'Lailatul Qadr' or 'Lailatul Bara'ah' for which special merits have been mentioned expressly either by the Holy Qur'ân or by the Holy Prophet Sallallahu alaihi wa sallam. However, all the recognized modes of ibadah [worship] like salâh, recitation of the Holy Qur'ân, dhikr, etc. are commendable at any time, especially in the late hours of the night, and obviously the 27th night of Rajab is not an exception. Therefore, if someone performs any recognized ibadah in this night from this point of view, nothing can stop him from doing so, and he will be entitled to the thawâb (reward) allocated for that recognized act of worship, Insha Allâh). But it is not permissible to believe that performing ibâdah in this night is more meritorious or carries more thawâb like 'Lailatul Qadr' or 'Lailatul Barâ'ah', because this belief is not based on any authentic verse or sunnah of the Holy Prophet Sallallahu alaihi wa sallam. Similarly, it is not a correct practice to celebrate this night on a collective scale and to invite people to special ritual congregations. 4) Some people suggest some special modes of worship to be performed in this night. Since the Shari'ah prescribes no special mode of worship in this night, these suggestions are devoid of any authority and should not be acted upon. It is believed by some that the Muslims should keep fast on the 27th Rajab. Although there are some traditions attributing special merits to the fast of this day, yet the scholars of Hadîth have held these traditions as very weak and unauthentic reports which cannot be sufficient to establish a rule of Shari'ah. On the contrary, there is an authentic report that Sayyidinâ Umar Radhiallahu anhu used to forbid people from fasting on this day. He would compel them to eat if they had started fasting. It should be borne in mind here that a 'nafl' fast can be observed on any day (except the six prohibited days of the year). Therefore, fasting on the 27th Rajab is not prohibited in itself. What is prohibited is the belief that fasting on this day is more meritorious than fasting in other normal days. One should not fast on this day with this belief. But if someone fasts therein, believing it to be a normal nafl fast, there is no harm in doing so. Source: Madrasah Arabia Islamia Azâdville

Rabiul-Awwal FROM SUPERSTITIONS INTO LIGHT Rabi'ul-Awwal is the most significant month in the Islamic history, because humanity has been blessed in this month by the birth of the Holy Prophet Muhammad, Sall-Allahu alayhi wa sallam. Before the birth of the Holy Prophet, Sall-Allahu alayhi wa sallam, not only the Arabian peninsula, but also the so-called civilized nations of Rome and Persia were drowned in the darkness of ignorance, superstitions, oppression and unrest. The Holy Prophet, Sall-Allahu alayhi wa sallam, came with the eternal truth of Tawhid (Oneness of Allah), the only faith which provides a firm basis for the real concepts of knowledge, equity and peace. It was this faith which delivered humanity from ignorance and superstitions and spread the light of true knowledge all over the world. ISLAMIC CELEBRATIONS Thus the birth of the Holy Prophet, Sall-Allahu alayhi wa sallam, was the most significant and the most remarkable event in human history. Had there been room in Islamic teachings for the celebration of birthdays or anniversaries, the birthday of the Holy Prophet, Sall-Allahu alayhi wa sallam, would have undoubtedly deserved it more than the birthday of any other person. But that is against the nature of Islamic teachings. That is why, unlike Judaism, Christianity, and Hinduism, there are very few festivals in Islam, which provides for only two Eids (Eidul-fitr and Eidul-Adha) during the whole year. The dates of these two Eids do not correspond to the birthday of any of the outstanding persons of Islamic history, nor can their origin be attributed to any particular event of history that had happened in these dates. Both of these two Eids have been prescribed for paying gratitude to Allah on some happy events that take place every year. The first event is the completion of the fasts of Ramadan and the second event is the completion of Hajj, another form of worship regarded as one of the five pillars of Islam. The manner prescribed for the celebration of these two Eids (festivals) is also different from non-Islamic festivals. There are no formal processions, illumination or other activities showing formal happiness. On the contrary, there are congregational prayers and informal mutual visits to each other, which can give real happiness instead of its symbols only. NO BIRTHDAYS On the other hand, Islam has not prescribed any festival for the birthday of any person, however great or significant he may be. The prophets of Allah are the persons of the highest status amongst all human beings. But the Holy Prophet, Sall-Allahu alayhi wa sallam, or his noble companions never observed the birthday or anniversary of any of them. Even the birthday of the Holy Prophet, Sall-Allahu alayhi wa sallam, which was the most happy day for the whole mankind was never celebrated by the Holy Prophet, Sall-Allahu alayhi wa sallam, himself, nor by his blessed Companions. The Companions of the Holy Prophet, Sall-Allahu alayhi wa sallam, remained alive after him for about a century, but despite their unparalleled and profound love towards the Holy Prophet, Sall-Allahu alayhi wa sallam, they never celebrated the birthday or the death anniversary of the Holy Prophet, Sall-Allahu alayhi wa sallam. Instead, they devoted their lives for promoting the cause of Islam, for bringing his teachings into practice, for conveying his message to the four corners of the world and for establishing the Islamic order in every walk of life. THE ORIGINS OF CHRISTMAS In fact, commemorating the birth of a distinguished person has never been prescribed by any religion attributing itself to divine revelation. It was originally a custom prevalent in pagan communities only. Even Christmas, the famous Christian feast commemorating the birth of Jesus Christ finds no mention in the Bible or in the early Christian writings. It was only in the 4th century after the ascension of Jesus Christ that Christmas was recognized as a regular Christian feast. To quote the Collier's Encyclopedia: "It is impossible to determine the exact date of the birth of Christ, either from the evidence of the gospels, or from any sound tradition. During the first three centuries of the Christian era there was considerable opposition in the Church to the pagan custom of celebrating birthdays, although there is some indication that a purely religious commemoration of the birth of Christ was included in the feast of Epiphany. Clement of Alexandria mentions the existence of the feast in Egypt about the year A.D. 200 and we have some evidence that it was observed on various dates in scattered areas. After the triumph of Constantine, the Church at Rome assigned December 25 as the date for the celebration of the feast, possibly about A.D. 320 or 353. By the end of the fourth century the whole Christian world was celebrating Christmas on that day, with the exception of the Eastern Churches, where it was celebrated on January 6. The choice of December 25 was probably influenced by the fact that on this day the Romans celebrated the Mithraic feast of the Sun-god, and that the Saturnalia also came at this time." (Collier's Encyclopedia 1984 ed, v. 6, p. 403). A similar description of the origin of Christmas is found in-the Encyclopedia Britannica with some more details. Its following passage will throw more light on the point: "Christmas was not among the earliest festivals of the Church, and before the 5th century there was no general consensus of opinion as to when it should come in the calendar, whether on Jan. 6, March 25 or Dec. 25. The earliest identification of Dec. 25 with the birthday of Christ is in a passage, otherwise unknown and probably spurious, of the philos of Antioch (c.180), preserved in Latin by the Magdeburyg centuriators (i, 3, 118), to the effect that the Gauls contended that since they celebrated the birth of Lord on Dec. 25, so they ought to celebrate the resurrection on March 25. A passage, almost certainly interpolated, in 'Hippelates' (c. 202) commentary on Daniel iv, 23, says that Jesus was born at Bethlehem on Wednesday, Dec. 25, in the 42nd year of Augustus, but he mentions no feast, and such a feast, indeed, would conflict with the then orthodox ideas. As late as 245, Origin (hem. viii on Leviticus) repudiated the idea of keeping the birthday of Christ "as if he were a king Pharaoh". (Britannica, 1953 ed. v. 5, p.642) These two quotes are more than sufficient to prove the following points: 1. The commemoration of birthdays was originally a pagan custom, never recognized by a divine scripture or prophetic teaching. 2. The exact date of the Birth of Sayyidna 'Isa is unknown and impossible to be ascertained. 3. The commemoration of the birth of Jesus Christ was not a recognized practice in the early centuries of the Christian history. 4. It was in the 4th or 5th century that it was recognized as a religious feast, and that, too, under the influence of the pagans who worshipped Sun-god. 5. There was a strong opposition against the commemorating of the birthday by the early Christian scholars like Origin, on the ground that it is originally a custom of pagans and idolaters. ORIGINAL ISLAMIC RESOURCES In original Islamic resources, also we cannot find any instruction about the celebration of birthdays or death anniversaries. Many Companions of the Holy Prophet, Sall-Allahu alayhi wa sallam, passed away during his life-time. His beloved wife Sayyidah Khadijah, Radi-Allahu anha, passed away in Makkah. His beloved uncle Sayyidna Hamzah, Radi-Allahu anhu was brutally slaughtered during the battle of Uhud. But the Holy Prophet, Sall-Allahu alayhi wa sallam, never observed their birthday or their death anniversaries, nor did he ever advise his followers to celebrate his own birthday in Rabi'ul-Awwal. WHAT IS WRONG WITH THESE CELEBRATIONS The reason for abstinence from such celebrations is that they divert the attention of people from the real teachings of Islam towards the observance of some formal activities only. Initially, these celebrations may begin with utmost piety and with a bona fide intention to pay homage to a pious person. Yet, the experience shows that the celebration is ultimately mixed up with an element of merrymaking and rejoicing and is generally confused with secular festivals and the secular, and often sinful, activities creep into it gradually. THE TRANSFORMATION OF CHRISTMAS The example of Christmas will again be relevant. This Christian feast was originally innovated to commemorate the birth of Jesus Christ and, of course, to remember his teachings. But once the occasion had been recognized as a feast, all the secular elements of public festivals crept in. The following quotation from the Encyclopedia Britannia is worth attention: "For several centuries Christmas was solely a church anniversary observed by religious services. But as Christianity spread among the people of pagan lands, many of the practices of the winter solstice were blended with those of Christianity because of the liberal ruling of Gregory I, the great, and the cooperation of the missionaries. Thus, Christmas became both religious and secular in its celebration, at times reverent, at others gay." Then, what kind of activities have been adopted to celebrate Christmas is mentioned in the next paragraphs of which the following quote is more pertinent here: "Merrymaking came to have a share in Christmas observance through popular enthusiasm even while emphasis was on the religious phase. ... In the wholly decked great halls of the feudal lords, whose hospitality extended to all their friends, tenants and household, was sailing, feasting, singing and games, dancing, masquerading and mummers presenting pantomimes and masques were all part of the festivities." (Encyclopedia Britannica, 1953 v. 5, p. 643) This is enough to show as to how an apparently innocent feast of reverence was converted into a secular festival where the merrymaking and seeking enjoyment by whatever means took preference over all the religious and spiritual activities. Being fully aware of this human psychology, Islam has never prescribed, nor encouraged the observance of birthdays and anniversaries, and when such celebrations are observed as a part of the religion, they are totally forbidden. THE RELIGION IS COMPLETE The Holy Qur'an has clearly pronounced on the occasion of the last Hajj of the Holy Prophet, Sall-Allahu alayhi wa sallam: "Today, I have completed the teachings of your religion." [Al-Maida 5:3] It means that all the teachings of Islam were communicated to the Muslims through the Holy Qur'an and the Sunnah of the Holy Prophet, Sall-Allahu alayhi wa sallam. No one is allowed after it to add any thing to them as a part of religion. What was not a part of religion during the lifetime of the Holy Prophet, Sall-Allahu alayhi wa sallam, can never become part of it. Such additions are termed by the Holy Prophet, Sall-Allahu alayhi wa sallam, as Bid'ah or innovation. Thus, the observance of the 12th of Rabi'ul-Awwal as a religious feast is not warranted by any verse of the Holy Qur'an or by any teaching of the Holy Prophet, Sall-Allahu alayhi wa sallam. Had it been a part of the religion it would have been clearly ordered or practiced by the Holy Prophet, Sall-Allahu alayhi wa sallam, and his blessed companions or, at least, by their immediate pupils. But no example of the celebration of the occasion can be traced out in the early centuries of the Islamic history. It was after many centuries [Albalagh Note: According to Maulana Yusuf Ludhinavi it was in the year 604 A.H.] that some monarchs started observing the 12th of Rabi'ul-Awwal as the birthday of the Holy Prophet, Sall-Allahu alayhi wa sallam, without a sound religious basis, and the congregations in the name of Maulood or Milad were held where the history of the birth of the Holy Prophet, Sall-Allahu alayhi wa sallam, used to be narrated. DISAGREEMENT ABOUT THE DATE The observance of the 12th of this month as the birthday of the Holy Prophet, Sall-Allahu alayhi wa sallam, is not only an innovation having no basis in the Islamic teachings, but the accuracy of this date as the real birthday of the Holy Prophet, Sall-Allahu alayhi wa sallam, is also very much doubted. There are different dates suggested in different traditions, and the majority of the authentic scholars is inclined to hold that the Holy Prophet, Sall-Allahu alayhi wa sallam, was born on the 9th of Rabi'ul-Awwal. This difference of opinion is another evidence to prove that the observance of the birthday is not a part of the religion, otherwise its exact date would have been preserved with accuracy. The life of the Holy Prophet, Sall-Allahu alayhi wa sallam, is, no doubt, the most important source of guidance for all the Muslims, and every Muslim is under an obligation to learn and study the events of his life, and to follow the practical example set by him in every sphere of life. The narration of his pious biography (the Seerah) in itself is a pious act, which invites the divine blessings, but the Holy Qur'an and the Sunnah have not prescribed a particular time or method for it. This pious act should be performed in all the months and at all the times. The month of Rabi'ul-Awwal has not been designated by the Shariah as a special season for holding such congregations to commemorate the birth or life of the Holy Prophet, Sall-Allahu alayhi wa sallam. It is thus an innovation (Bid'ah) to restrict the Seerah meetings to the month of Rabi'ul Awwal only, or to believe that the meetings held in this month are worthy of more reward than the meetings held on any other date during the year. In fact, the Companions of the Holy Prophet, Sall-Allahu alayhi wa sallam, used to commemorate the life of the Holy Prophet, Sall-Allahu alayhi wa sallam, throughout the year, not only by studying and conveying his message to others, but also by following his way of life and acting upon his teachings in each and every branch of their activities, and this is exactly what a Muslim is required and supposed to do. By this we do not mean that the Seerah meetings should not be held in the month of Rabi'ul-Awwal. The point is only that they should not be restricted to it, nor should it be believed that the Shariah has laid any kind of emphasis on holding such meetings in this particular month. Another point that should always be kept in mind while holding such meetings is that they must be in complete conformity with the rules of Shariah. A Muslim is supposed to abide by the rules of Shariah in all his activities. But at least the meetings held in the memory of the Holy Prophet, Sall-Allahu alayhi wa sallam, should be free from all the acts forbidden by the Shariah. CONTEMPORARY SEERAH MEETINGS AND SHARIAH It is often observed, especially in the Western countries, that the people hold the Seerah meetings where men and women sit together without observing the rules of hijab prescribed by the Shariah. The teachings of the Holy Prophet, Sall-Allahu alayhi wa sallam, are obviously against such mixed gatherings. How can a Seerah meeting bring fruits where such fundamental teachings of the Shariah are openly violated? In some meetings the Na'ts (poems) in the memory of the Holy Prophet, Sall-Allahu alayhi wa sallam, are recited by the women before the male audience, sometimes with music, which is totally against the instructions of the Holy Prophet, Sall-Allahu alayhi wa sallam. It is clearly prohibited by the Shariah to hold such meetings or to participate in them, because it is not only a violation of the Shariah rules, but it is an affront to the sanctity of the Seerah of the Holy Prophet, Sall-Allahu alayhi wa sallam. All other activities, often practiced on the twelfth of Rabi'ul-Awwal, like holding processions, constructing the mock tombs of the Holy Prophet, Sall-Allahu alayhi wa sallam, and illumination of the buildings and the roads are not warranted by any rule of the Shariah. Rather they are based on conscious or unconscious imitation of certain other religions. No example of such activities can be traced out from the earlier Islamic history. REAL MESSAGE OF SEERAH What is really important with regard to the Holy Prophet, Sall-Allahu alayhi wa sallam, is, first, to follow his teachings, and second to make his pious Seerah available to every Muslim, to preserve it in the hearts of the Muslims from the very childhood, to educate the family members to run their lives according to it and to hold it as the most glorious example of the human conduct the universe has ever witnessed -- and all this with utmost love and reverence, not manifested by some formal activities only, but also through actual behavior of following the Sunnah. This cannot be done by merely holding processions and illuminating the walls. This requires constant and consistent efforts and a meaningful program of education and training. Source: Mufti Taqi Usmani - Albalagh

Superstition & The Month of Safar To believe that the month of Safar is inauspicious, and particularly to believe that its first thirteen days are 'bad luck' or that it is harmful to marry or propose to marry or undertake a journey, etc., during these days are beliefs which are against the teachings of Islam. In pre-Islamic days people considered the month of Safar to be evil and ominous. Our Rasul (Sallallaahu Alayhi Wasallam) strongly rejected such beliefs and ideas. The truth is that no time, day, month or date is in itself evil, but the deeds of people are either good or bad. The time spent in the performance of good deeds will be auspicious and the time spent in sin and the disobedience of Allah Ta'la will be evil and ominous. The month of Safar is not ominous. Evil deeds and incorrect beliefs are ominous and should be given up and repented for. It is incorrect to postpone or delay marriage or its proposal or a journey, etc. because of such beliefs. Rejecting the false beliefs of the days of ignorance our Rasul (Sallallaahu Alayhi Wasallam) said, 'Belief in ill-omen is Shirk (polytheistic) (he said this thrice) and the owl's ominousness is nothing.' The Mushriks of Arabia used to believe that a house near which an owl screeches will be ruined, hence, Rasulullah (Sallallaahu Alayhi Wasallam) refuted this belief as false. Thereafter, he said, 'There is nothing ominous about the month of Safar'. (Bukhari vol.1 pg.857) The polytheists believed the month of Safar upto the 13th day to be inauspicious, hence, Rasulullah (Sallallaahu Alayhi Wasallam) rejected this superstition. It is therefore wrong for Muslims, who are the followers of Muhammad, Rasulullah (Sallallaahu Alayhi Wasallam), to adopt the ways of the non-Muslims and to entertain the very beliefs which he had come to change. May Allah grant all Muslims the ability to accept and practice upon all the beautiful teachings of our beloved Rasul (Sallallaahu Alayhi Wasallam), Aameen Source: Fataawa Raheemia

Muharram & Aashura (Part 2) THE SACRED MONTHS From among the months of the Islaamic year, the "Ashurul Hurum" (Sacred Months) enjoy a greater significance. Hafiz Ibn Katheer (Radhiallahu-anhu) has quoted the saying of Hadhrat Qatadah (Radhiallahu-anhu) in his famous tafseer. He writes: Allah Ta'aala has indeed distinguished some of His Creation from among man and Jinn, He has chosen Messengers. He has granted special virtue to His remembrance (Zikr) over all speech and talk. From the land He has chosen the Masaajid. He distinguished the Day of Jumu'ah (Friday) from amongst the days and Laitatul Qadr (the Night of Power) from amongst the nights. Therefore respect what Allah Ta'aala has honoured for verily to honour things due to the virtue which Allah Ta'aala bestowed upon them is among the traits of the intelligent". [Tafseer Ibn Khateer, vol 2 pg 369]. The sanctity of these four months was observed in the Shari'ah of all the Ambiyaa. Hence all preached to their followers that any act of obedience and virtue in these months earn an increased reward. Likewise any transgression or disobedience perpetrated in these months is more severe and the sin is multiplied. In the Shari'ah of various Ambiyaa, wars and fighting (even for just causes) too was forbidden. [Extracted from Ma Ariful Qur'aan, vol 4, pg 370]. THE MONTH OF MUHARRAM The Rasul of Allah Ta'aala has described the fasts of this month as the best fasts after the month of Ramadaan. In a Hadith Rasulullah (Sallallahu alayhi wasallam) is reported to have said: "The best of fasts besides the month of Ramadaan is the fasting of Allah's month of Muharram and the best of Salaats besides the Fardh (obligatory Salaat) is the Tahajjud Salaah (performed after midnight)". [suhih Muslim, vol 1, pg 368]. "He who fasts on the Day of Arafat, his fast will be a compensation for the sins of two years and the one that keeps a fast in the month of Muharram will receive a reward of thirty fasts for each fast (in the sacred month)". [At Targheeb Wat Tarheeb, vol 2, pg 114]. FASTING ON THE DAY OF ASHURA (10TH OF MAHARRAM) Ibn Abbaas (Radhiallahu-anhu) says: "I did not see the messenger of Allah Ta'aala anxiously await the fast of any day, which he gave preference to over other days, but this day (i.e. the Day of Ashura) and this month (i.e. the month of Ramadaan)" [suhih Bukhari, vol 2, pg 268]. In various Ahaadith an explanation is given as to why Rasulullah (Sallallahu alayhi wasallam) kept this fast and exhorted his companions to do the same. A narration of Sahih Muslim concisely explains the reason Ibn Abbaas (Radhiallahu-anhu) narrates that Rasulullah (Sallallahu alayhi wasallam) came to Madinah and found the Jews fasting on the Day of Ashura. Rasulullah (Sallallahu alayhi wasallam) inquired of them "What is the significance of this day on which you fast?" They replied: "This is a great day. On this day Allah Ta'aala saved Moosa and his people and drowned Firown and his nation". Thus Moosa (Alaihis-Salaam) fasted on this day as a token of thanksgiving, therefore, we too fast on this day. The Rasul of Allah Ta'aala said: "We are more worthy of Moosa (Alaihis-Salaam) and nearer to him than you". Thereafter he fasted on this day and ordered his companions that a fast be kept on this day. [suhih Muslim, vol 1, pg 359]. From the above Hadith it is clear that the fast of Ashura is linked to the salvation of Moosa (Alaihis-Salaam). Besides this no other Hadith of this category (Sahih) explains the reason for Rasulullah (Sallallahu alayhi wasallam) having kept a fast on this day. FORGIVENESS OF A YEARS SINS With regards to the blessings of this fast, it is recorded in a narration of Sahih Muslim that Rasulullah (Sallallahu alayhi wasallam) was asked regarding (the virtue of) the fast of Ashura. Rasulullah (Sallallahu alayhi wasallam) answered: "It is compensation for the sins of the past year, i.e. the sins of the year that has just gone by will be forgiven". [suhih Muslim, vol 1, pg 368]. OPPOSING THE JEWS. Any act which bears a resemblance with the Jews and the Christians is frowned upon in the Shari'ah. Rasulullah (Sallallahu alayhi wasallam) said: "Should I live the following year, I will definitely fast on the ninth also". [suhih Muslim, vol 1, pg 359]. Hence it is important that either the ninth or eleventh of Muharram should be joined in keeping fast with the Day of Ashura. To fast only on the day of Ashura is Makrooh (reprehensible). However, the "Karahat" (reprehendsibility) is not severe. It is stated in Durrul Makhtar: It is `Makrooh Tahrimi" to fast on the days of Eid and `Makrooh Tizihi' to fast on the Day of Muharram only". [Durrul Makhtar, vol 2, pg 114]. SPENDING FREELY ON ONE'S FAMILY Besides fasting on the day of Ashura, being generous to one's family and spending on what is normally spent on food, etc. is a very meritorious act. Certain scholars are of the opinion that the Ahaadith in this regard are not authentic. Hence, there is no special virtue for increased generosity on the Day of Ashura. However, this is not correct. To substantiate this, Allama Sakhawi (Radhiallahu-anhu) writes: "He who will be generous on his family on the Day of Ashura, Allah will be generous to him throughout the year" This Hadith has been transmitted by Tabrani and Baihaqi in his book "As-Shaub" and Fadaail-ul-Awqaat and Abu Shaikh, all of them having narrated it from Ibn Masood. Tabrani and Baihaqi have also transmitted it from Abu Saeed (Radhiallahu-anhu). In his book "Ash-Shaub", Baihaqi has also narrated this Hadith from Jaabir and Abu Hurairah. Baihaqi therefore says: "The chains of narrators of these Ahaadith are `Daeef' Weak, However, when they are considered collectively, the chain of narrators becomes strong (i.e. the Hadith becomes reliable)". Allamah Shaami too has indicated towards the authenticity of this Hadith. He says: "The hadith of generosity upon ones family is an established and authentic (Sahih) narration as mentioned by Hafiz Suvuti in `Ad-Durar'". [shaami, vol 2, pg 155]. RECTIFICATION OF BELIEF Many erroneous beliefs exist regarding the Day of Ashura. It is necessary that such beliefs be discarded. The day of Ashura is regarded by many as the day of mourning the martyrdom of Sayyidina Husein (Radhiallahu-anhu). To attribute the significance of Ashura to the martyrdom of Sayyidina Husein (Radhiallahu-anhu) is baseless. The significance of Ashura is from the time of Rasulullah (Sallallahu alayhi wasallam) whilst Sayyidina Husein (Radhiallahu-anhu) was martyred fifty years later than the demise of Rasulullah (Sallallahu alayhi wasallam). Similarly, the significance of Ashura is attributed to many such occurrences and events, most of which are not proven by authentic sources. In refutation of such fallacious beliefs and customs, Sheikh Abdul Haq Muhaddith Dahlawu (Radhiallahu-anhu) writes: "Beware, do not participate in innovations of the Rawafidh. Do not involve yourself in mourning, lamenting and displaying grief. This is not the conduct of Believers or else the date of the demise of Rasulullah (Sallallahu alayhi wasallam) would have been more worthy of being observed (by mourning and lamenting)". Similarly, refrain from participating in the innovations of those who harbour hatred for the Ahlul-bait (the family of Rasulullah (Sallallahu alayhi wasallam), or the innovations of the ignorant; those who oppose corruptions with corruption, innovations with innovations and evil with sin. Hence, they display great joy and happiness. They regard this day as an occasion of merrymaking and adornment and indulgence in Khidaab, applying surmah, wearing new clothes, sending lavishly and cooking various foods which are not generally prepared. All these actions are regarding as Sunnah by these ignorant people whereas the true Sunnah is to shun these practices, since no authentic narrations sanctioning such actions has been recorded. [Ma thabata bis Sunnah, pg 254]. Regarding the various beliefs about the significance of the Day of Ashura; many of which are often quoted in our time; Sheikh Muhaddith Dahlawi (Radhiallahu-anhu) writes: It is said that: a. The person who applies `surmah' on the Day of Ashura will not have sore eyes for the entire year. b. The person who takes a bath on this day will not fall ill till the next year. c. The person who spends freely on his family on the Day of Ashura, Allah Ta'aala will increase his sustenance for the whole year. and the claims such as: 1. The virtue of Salaah on this day. 2. On the day the repentance of Adam (Alaihis-Salaam) was accepted. 3. Ibrahim (Alaihis-Salaam) was removed from the fire. 4. Ismail (Alaihis-Salaam) was saved from being sacrificed. 5. Yusuf (Alaihis-Salaam) was returned to Yaqoob (Alaihis-Salaam). All the above are FABRICATIONS EXCEPT the Hadith of spending freely on one's family. However one of the narrators is not absolutely reliable" [Ma thabata bis Sunnah, pg 254]. From the list of fabrications which have been quoted from Sheikh Muhaddith Dahlawi (Radhiallahu-anhu), the Ark of Nuh (Alaihis-Salaam) settling on the mountain will be excluded from being a fabricated Hadith. This exclusion is dur the Hadith which appears in the "Musnad" of Imaam Ahmad (Alaihis-Salaam) vol 2, pg 259. CONCLUSION The Day of Ashura is a great day. While observing it's greatness, let us shun all innovations and unfounded customs which deprive us of blessings and reward. Let us firmly cling onto the Qur'aan and Sunnah and attain success of both the worlds. Ameen. Source: This is a summary of a booklet which was compiled under auspicious guidance of Sheikhul Hadith Sh. Ml. Fazlur Rehman of Darul Uloom, Azaadville, (S.A.).

Muharram & Aashura MUHARRAM is the first month of the Islamic, Hijrah calendar. It is one of the four sanctified months about which Allah Ta'ala says, 'The number of months in the sight of Allah are twelve (in a year) - So ordained by Him the day He created the heavens and the earth; Of them four are sacred: That is the right religion. So wrong not yourselves therein.' (Surah Taubah). The four months, according to authentic Ahaadith, are the months of Zhul-Qa`dah, Zhul Hijjah, Muharram and Rajab. The sanctity of these four months was observed in the Shari'ah of all the Ambiyaa (Prophets) (AS). 'Allah Ta'ala made them (i.e. the four months) sacred and increased their sanctity. Hence declared a sin therein more severe and increased the virtue of good deeds and (also) the reward thereof.' (Ibn Katheer). THE MONTH OF MUHARRAM The best of fasts besides the month of Ramadan is the fast during Allah's month of Muharram and the best of Salaats besides the Fardh (obligatory Salaat) is the Tahajjud Salaah (performed after midnight). (Sahih Muslim). THE DAY OF AASHURA (10th OF MUHARRAM) The tenth of Muharram, known as the day of Aashura, is a very significant day in the Islamic calendar. The holy prophet Mohammed (SAW) has exhorted the Ummah to fast on this day. Hadhrat Aaisha (RA) reports that Nabi (SAW) ordered the observance of the fast of Aashura. However, when the fast of Ramadan became compulsory, Nabi (SAW) left the fast of Aashura (i.e. the compulsion). Thereafter, whosoever desired kept this fast and whosoever desired, (not to keep it) did not observe this fast'. ( Bukhari, Vol 1). Ibn Abbaas (RA) says, 'I did not see Rasulullah (SAW) anxiously await the fast of any day, which he gave preference to over other days, but this day (of Aashura) and the month of Ramadan ( Bukhari, Vol. 1). VIRTUE OF THE FAST OF AASHURA With regard to the blessing of this fast, Nabi (SAW) was asked regarding it's virtue. He answered, 'It is a compensation for the sins of the past year.' i.e. the sins of one year that has just gone by will be forgiven. Muslim, Vol. 1). Note: Only minor sins are forgiven. For the forgiveness of major sins, Towbah (repentance) is a prerequisite. THE FAST OF AASHURA Ibn Abbaas (RA) narrates that when Nabi (SAW) came to Madinah and found the Jews fasting on the day of Aashura, he inquired, 'What is the significance of this day on which you fast?' They replied, 'This is the day Allah saved the prophet Moosa (AS) and his followers and drowned Fir'oun and his army, thus Moosa (AS) fasted on this day as a token of thanksgiving. Therefore we too fast on this day.' ( Muslim, Vol 1). Rasulullah (SAW) said, 'We are more worthy of Moosa (AS) and nearer to him than you.' Thereafter, he fasted on this day and ordered the Sahaabah (companions) to fast on this day. ( Muslim, Vol. 1) Rasulullah (SAW) is reported to have said, 'Observe the fast of Aashura and oppose (the way of) the Jews. Fast a day before it (also) or a day after it.' (Baihaqi, Vol 4) Hence, one should fast for two days: Either the 9th and 10th or the 10th and 11th. To fast only on the 10th of Muharram is MAKROOH (reprehensible) and bears semblance to the Jews. GENEROSITY TO ONE'S FAMILY Besides fasting on the day of Aashura, being generous to one's family and spending more than what is normally spent on food, etc. is an act of great merit. It is mentioned in a Hadith, 'He who will be generous to his family on the day of Aashura, Allah will be generous to him for the entire year.' FALLACIOUS BELIEF The day of Aashura is regarded by many people as the day of mourning the martyrdom of Sayyiduna Hussain (RA). To attribute the significance of Aashura to Sayyiduna Hussain (RA)'s martyrdom is totally baseless because the sanctity of Aashura is proven, beyond doubt, from the time of Rasulullah (SAW), whilst Sayyiduna Hussain (RA) was martyred fifty years after the holy prophet Mohammed (SAW) left this earthly abode. The fact that the martyrdom of Sayyiduna Hussain (RA) occurred on the Day of Aashura has absolutely no bearing on the significance of this day nor is the sanctity of this day derived from this event. On the contrary, it is one of the merits of Sayyiduna Hussain (RA) that he was martyred on the Day of Aashura. RESPECT WHAT ALLAH HAS HONORED, FOR VERILY TO HONOR THINGS DUE TO VIRTUE WHICH ALLAH HAS ACCORDED THEM IS AMONG THE TRAITS OF THE INTELLIGENT. THE SIGNIFICANCE OF HIJRAH (Islamic Year) A religion contains within itself entirely all that it needs for its later growth and development. The 'Hijrah' migration of the Prophet (Sallallaahu Alayhi Wasallam) and those of his Sahaaba (companions) (Radhiyallaahuanhum) who were 'the first to lead the way' from Makkah Mukarramah to Madinah Munawwarah in order to settle down there was not only an important event but a turning point in the history of Islam which evidently contributed to the progress and generation of Islamic heritage. Undoubtedly the Hijrah took place according to Allah Almighty's Will; since the Prophet of Allah (Sallallaahu Alayhi Wasallam) would take no such step except under Allah's instructions in Whose Knowledge migration must have been the required course. In the eyes of the Muslims, the birth of the Prophet (Sallallaahu Alayhi Wasallam) and forty years later, the beginning of the revelation of the Noble Qur'an were two events of singular importance but the Prophet (Sallallaahu Alayhi Wasallam) signified neither of the events as the commencing epochs of a calendar reckoning. Before the Hijrah to Madinah Munawwarah, a number of companions of the Prophet (Sallallaahu Alayhi Wasallam) had migrated to Abyssinia and were there when the Hijrah took place. But the migration to Abyssinia too was not made the starting point of the Islamic calendar. Thus, after the Prophet (Sallallaahu Alayhi Wasallam) having signified the beginning of the calendrical reckoning from Hijrah (migration from Makkah to Madinah). The second Khalifah, Hazrath Umar (Radhiyallaahuanhu) made it compulsory for the dates to be inscribed on all official correspondence. Basically the Hijrah institutioned three important aspects of life: social, economics and political. In the social aspect when the first revelation was made to Rasulullah (Sallallaahu Alayhi Wasallam) a period of twelve (12) years was devoted by him to inculcate religion in the minds of individuals while no pattern of a collective life based on true religious concepts could be presented to the world. The situation in Makkah Mukarramah during the earlier part of the Prophet's (Sallallaahu Alayhi Wasallam) career was that in a house-hold while the father was a believer, the son was an infidel, or the wife a believer and the husband an infidel. There were only a few houses where the entire family were Muslims. The status of the Muslim individuals in Makkah Mukarramah gave rise to the misconception that Islam, or believing in, the Noble and in the prophet was one's personal affair; it pertained only to the hereafter and had nothing to do with collective life. It was only after Hijrah that people began to see clearly that Islam is a way of life which pays attention to and reforms every facet of human existence, giving directions regarding almost every moment of one's conscious time. The Hijrah also made the Arabs in particular, to see as to what was a Muslim house-hold and a Muslim society. Hence, only after this event the world could see the aspect of social decency and decorum under Islam. A second reason for the importance of Hijrah is in view of its economic aspect. The economic effects were due to the permanent migration to Madinah Munawwarah by the Muslims. The matchless hospitality of the people of Madinah Munawwarah to the migrating Muslims, not only provided a shelter and a new peaceful home for the newcomers, but the Ansars (of Madinah) with a note-worthy passion of self-sacrifice accepted the incoming Muslims with great zeal and love. When after Hijrah, the companions and the followers of Rasulullah (Sallallaahu Alayhi Wasallam) shifted from Makkah Mukarramah to Madinah Munawwarah, trade came into contact with agriculture and artisanship resulting in an economic revolution for the place. The migrants from Makkah having been taught and reformed by Rasulullah (Sallallaahu Alayhi Wasallam) himself for nearly 13 years, were not carefree and irresponsible men; they were God-fearing and righteous. The Ansars helped the migrants to the extent of being ready to divide all their belonging between themselves and the Muhaajirs. But the latter were not prepared to accept a status of mere idle dependants; so every one of them adopted ways and means to earn righteously for their own selves and did not like to be permanent burden on others. Initially, the Muhaajirs worked as laborers in the fields and gardens and construction works. Later they, being traders, started small trading activities which brought them into an economic competition with the Jews of Madinah Munawwarah. One aspect of the economy revolution was that the Muhaajir traders paid the right price to the growers for their produce since Rasulullah (Sallallaahu Alayhi Wasallam) had forbidden the practice of acquiring products on reduced prices in return of loans given to the artisans or to the cultivators. Thus, it was only after Hijrah that agriculture, industry and trade freely helped one another to bring about an integrated, balanced and unfettered economy for the Muslims. The third reason which made the Hijrah a very important event is the political freedom for the Muslims. Before Hijrah the Muslims had no say in any matter, internal or external. They were a minority against whom the hearts of the majority were full of enmity - the Muslims were an insignificant part of a set of dominating unbelievers in Makkah Mukarramah. The Hijrah made the Muslims masters of their internal affairs, external relations and matters relating to war and peace. There was great understanding among the Muslims, for instance, in case a difference occurred between the Muslims and non-Muslims, the final decision was to be made by the Prophet (Sallallaahu Alayhi Wasallam). This showed that an autonomous Muslim set up was coming into existence. This was a beginning of a city-state which, within the life-time of the Prophet (Sallallaahu Alayhi Wasallam) or within a period of ten (10) years, expanded so as to encompass the entire Arabian peninsula. It is thus evident that the event of Hijrah turned a few hundred persons into a highly successful society. The expansion of Muslim dominations during the following centuries is a historical record. All this was possible due to the shaping of events as the result of Hijrah. Source: Jamiatul Ulama (JHB) & Jamiatul Ulama (KZN)

Jesus (Isa) A.S. in Islam, and his Second Coming by Mufti A.H. Elias I. Jesus (A.S.) In Islam Muslims do believe that Isa (A.S.) was sent down as a Prophet of Allah (God), but he (Jesus) is not God or Lord, nor the son of God. Muslims do not believe that Isa (A.S.), also known as Jesus by Christians and others, is dead or was ever crucified. We believe that he was raised to heaven and is there, and will descend at the appointed time, end all wars, and bring peace to the world. Like Jesus (A.S.), Muhammad (Peace be upon him) is also a Prophet and Messenger. Muhammed (P.B.U.H.) is the last Prophet, though, and there is none after him. Hence, Islam is the last religion, complete, with the Holy Qur'an as the unchanged and perfect word of God for over 1400 years, as God promised to preserve it till the last day for all of humankind, unlike sacred texts of other religions which have mulitple versions and are "revised" periodically. God, or Allah in Arabic, is Divine and Supreme Being and Creator. What the Holy Qur'an says about Jesus: They slew him not, nor did they crucify him but it was made dubious to them. (Holy Qur'an, Surah Nisaa, Verse 157) Hadhrat Isa (A.S.) himself told of the coming of Prophet Muhammad (Peace be upon him). In the Bible, Jesus (A.S.) says, If you love me, Keep my commandments. And I will pray to the Father and He shall give you another comforter that he may abide with you forever. (Bible, John 14-15/16) But when the comforter is come, whom I will send unto you from the Father, even the spirit of Truth, which proceedeth from the Father, he shall testify of me, and he also shall bear witness, because ye have been with me from the beginning. (Bible, John 15-26/27) I have yet many things to say unto you, but you cannot bear them now. How be it when he, the spirit of Truth will come, he will guide you into all truth, for he shall speak not of himself, but whatsoever he shall hear, that he shall speak, and he will show you things to come. He shall glorify me, for he shall receive of mine, and he shall show it unto you. (Bible, John 16-12/14) Ulema (learned scholars in Islam) have said that the person who is described by Hadhrat Isa (A.S.) to come after him - in the above verse - does not comply with any other person but Prophet Muhammad (Peace be upon him). In this case, the "comforter" he mentions is none other than Prophet Muhammad (Peace be upon him) and his laws and way of life (Shariah) and Book (Holy Qur'an) are those that Hadhrat Isa (A.S.) asks his followers to abide by. The "person" whom Jesus (A.S.) prophecised will come after him, is called Pargaleeta in the Bible . This word was deleted by interpreters and translators and changed at times to "Spirit of Truth" and at other times, to "comforter" and sometimes "Holy Spirit." The original Greek and its meaning is "one whom people praise exceedingly." The sense of the word, then, is applicable to the word Muhammad in Arabic, since Muhammad means "the praised one." Jesus (A.S.) also says in the Bible, ... and a little while and you shall not see me; and again a little while, you shall see me because I go to the Father. (Bible, John 16:16) ... and the Holy Qur'an says, And surely they slew him not. But Allah (God) raised him unto Himself. (Holy Qur'an, Surah Nisaa, Verse 157-158) As such, Muslims believe that Hadhrat Isa (A.S.) was raised to heaven. According to Hadith, he is on the second heaven. Rasulullah (Sallallaahu Alayhi Wasallam=Peace be upon him) mentioned, "During the Meraj (Ascension), I met Hadhrat Isa (A.S.) on the second heaven. I found him of medium stature, reddish white. His body was so clean and clear, that it appeared as though he had just performed ghusal (ablution, cleansing of the entire body) and come." In another Hadith, Rasulullah (Sallallahu Alayhi Wasallam) mentioned to the Jews that, " Hadhrat Isa (A.S.) is not dead, he will most surely return to you before Qiyamat (the Day of Judgement)." May Allah Guide all people to the Truth. Aameen. II. Hadhrat Isa's (A.S.) Descension - The Physical Features of Hadhrat Isa (A.S.) He will resemble the famous Sahabi (A.S.) Hadhrat Urwa bin Masoodi (R.A.). He will be of average height and red and white in colour. His hair spread to the shoulders, straight, neat and shining as after a bath. On bending his head, it will seem as if pearls are falling. He will have an armour on his body. He will be wearing two pieces of cloth light yellow in color. His Descension He will descend on a Jamaat (group) that will be righteous at the time and comprising of 800 men and 400 women. The people will be preparing for war at the time against Dajjal (the anti-Christ). It will be time for Fajr prayers, and Imam Mahdi will be the Amir (leader). From the darkness of the dawn, a sound will suddenly be heard that "one who listens to your pleas has come" -- the righteous people will look everywhere and their eyes will fall on Isa (A.S.). Briefly, at the time of Fajr, Isa (A.S.) will descend. When descending, Isa (A.S.)'s hands will be on the shoulders of two angels (according to another source (Kab Abrar), a cloud will carry him). On their insistence Hadhrat Isa will introduce himself. He will inquire about their enthusiasm and thoughts on Jihad against Dajjal. Hadhrat Isa (A.S.) will descend on the eastern side near the Minaret in Damascus (or in Baitul-Muqaddus by Imam Mahdi). At the time Imam Mahdi will have proceeded forward to lead the Fajr Salaat. The Iqamat of the Salaat would have been said (already recited) and Imam Mahdi will call Hadhrat Isa (A.S.) for Imamat (to lead the prayer), but he (Hadhrat Isa (A.S.)) will instead tell Imam Mahdi to lead the prayer since the Iqamat of that Salaat has already been said for him. Thus Imam Mahdi will lead the prayer, and Hadhrat Isa (A.S.) will follow him. After the ruku, he will make this statement: "Allah has killed Dajjal and the Muslims have appeared." The Killing of Dajjal (anti-Christ) and the Victory of the Muslims After the completion of Fajr Salaat (congregational dawn prayers), Hadhrat Isa (A.S.) will open the door behind him where Dajjal accompanied by 70,000 Yahudis (Jews) will be. He will indicate with his hand to move away between him (Hadhrat Isa (A.S.)) and Dajjal. Dajjal will then see Hadhrat Isa (A.S.). At that time every Kafir on whom the breath of Hadhrat Isa (A.S.) will reach, will die. His breath will reach up to the distance of his eyesight. The Muslims will then come down from the mountains and break loose on the army of Dajjal. There will be war, Dajjal will retreat, and Hadhrat Isa (A.S.) will pursue Dajjal. Hadhrat Isa (A.S.) will have two flexible swords and one shield with him and with these he will kill Dajjal at the Gate of Hudd. He willl show the Muslims the blood of Dajjal which will get on his shield. Eventually the Yahudis will be selected and killed. The swine will be killed and the cross broken. People will revert to Islam. Wars will end, and people will return to their respective countries. One Jamaat (group) of Muslims will remain in his service and companionship. Hadhrat Isa (A.S.) will go to Fajr Rawha and perform Haj or Umrah (or both) from there. He will also go to the grave of Rasulullah (Sallallahu Alayhi Wasallam) and present his greetings and Rasulullah (Sallallahu Alayhi Wasallam) will reply. People will live comfortable lives. The wall of Yajooj and Majooj (Gog and Magog) will then break. III. The Blessings of Hadhrat Isa (Jesus) (A.S.) 1 Hadhrat Isa (A.S.) will descend and stay on earth. 2 His descension will be in the last era of the Ummat. 3 He will be a just ruler and a fair judge. 4 His ummat will be the Khalifa (deputies) of Rasulullah (Sallallahu Alayhi Wasallam). 5 He will act himself and instruct others on the Qur'an and Hadith (Shariat/Tradition of Islam). 6 He will lead people in Salaat (Prayer). 7 He will stay on earth for a period of 40 years after descending. The will be the best era of the Ummat after the first era of Islam. 8 Allah will protect his companions from Jahannam. 9 Those who will save the Deen of Islam by associating themselves with Hadhrat Isa (A.S.) will be amongst the most loved by Allah Ta'ala. 10 During this period all other religions and mazhabs besides Islam will perish, hence there will be no kuffaars (non-believers) in the world. 11 Jihad will be stopped. 12 No Khiraaj will be taken. 13 Nor Jizya (protection tax) money from the kafirs (non-believers) 14 Wealth and property will be in surplus to such an extent that there will be no one to accept the wealth of the other (everyone will be independent). 15 Receiving Zakaat (Alms-giving, Charity to poor) and Saadaqa will be discarded (as there will be no poor to receive them!). 16 The people will love the sajda (prostration to God) more than the world and what it consists of. 17 All types of Deeni (religious) and worldly blessings will descend on earth (many halaal (lawful) things will be created). 18 There will be peace, harmony and tranquility during the time of Hadhrat Isa (A.S.)'s stay in the world. 19 There will be no animosity for a period of seven years, even between two persons. 20 All hearts will be free from miserliness, envy, hatred, malice and jealousy. 21 For a period of forty years no one will fall ill or die. 22 Venom will be taken out of all venomous animals. 23 Snakes and scorpions will not harm anyone to the extent that if a child put his hand in its mouth, he will not be harmed. 24 Will animals will not harm anyone. 25 If a man will pass a lion, he will not be troubled or harmed, or even if any girl will open its mouth to test if it will do anything. 26 The camels will graze among lions, cheetahs with cattle and the jackals with goats. 27 The fertility of the land will increase to such an extent that even if a seed is planted in a hard rock, it will sprout. 28 A pomegranate will be so huge that a jamaat will be able to eat it and the people will use its peel as shade. 29 There will be so much barakaat (blessing) in milk that a camel will suffice for a huge jamaat, a cow for a tribe and a goat for a family. 30 In short, life will be most pleasant after the descension of Jesus (A.S.). His Marriage, Death and Deputies After his descension on earth, Hadhrat Isa (A.S.) will marry. He will have children, and he will remain on earth 19 years after marriage. He will pass away and Muslims will perform his Janaza Salaat and bury him next to Rasulullah (Sallallahu Alayhi Wasallam). (Tirmidhi) from: Hadhrat Esa (Alaihis Salaam): The Truth Revealed and Major Signs of Qiyamat by Mufti Afzal Hoosein Elias (May Allah reward him for his work in producing these kitaabs, aameen.) from the original (with references): "Aalalaat-e-Qiyyamat aur Nuzul-e-Eesa."

A List of the Major Signs Auf bin Malik (R.A.) says: I came to Rasulullah (Sallallahu Alayhi Wasallam) while he was in his skin tent during the Tabuk expedition. He said to me, "Count six things before the advent of Qiyamah: * My death * The conquest of Jerusalem * Mass deaths amongst you people, just as when sheep die in large numbers during an epidemic * Abundance of wealth to such an extent that if a person were to be given a hundred Dinars he will still not be satisfied * General anarchy and bloodshed, that no Arab household will be spared from it * Then a life of peace as a result of a peace agreement between you and the Banil Asfaar (Romans) which they will break and attack you with a force consisting of eighty flags and under each flag will be an army of twelve thousand men." (Bukhari). Signs Before the Major Signs (i.e. before the emergence of Imam Mahdi) Christain Rule Will be dominant ANOMALOUS INCIDENTS WILL OCCUR Occurrence of red winds, disfiguration of faces (man to pig), and people being swallowed into the ground. GENOCIDE A man from Abu Sufyaan’s progeny massacres descendents of Nabi (S.A.W) and rules over Syria and Egypt. WAR A major war between Muslims and Christians: Half the Christian army will sign a peace treaty with the Muslim army, while the second half of the Christian army remains the common enemy. ISTANBUL CONQUERED BY CHRISTIANS The enemy half of the Christian army conquers Constantinople (Istanbul), Turkey. ISTANBUL RECONQUERED JOINTLY BY MUSLIM AND CHRISTIANS The Muslims and the good half of the Christian army conquer Constantinople together, against the enemy Christians. Thereafter, a Christian will say the victory was due to the cross, and the Muslim will say it was due to Islam. A battle between both sides will ensue, and the Muslim Ruler will be martyred. SYRIA CONQUERED BY CHRISTIANS The two Christian armies reunite, conquering Syria. CHRISTIAN DOMINATION Christians dominate the world up to Khaiber (near Madinah), and they will pursue Muslims with 80 flags, with 12,000 men under each flag. MUSLIMS AWAIT IMAM MAHDI TOTAL ECLIPSE A total eclipse of the sun and moon will occur in Ramadhan, prior to Imam Mahdi’s emergence. The Major Signs: IMAM MAHDI EMERGES At age 40, Imam Mahdi appears in Makkah, then flees to Madinah. MUSLIM ARMY MARCHES The army of Mansoor from Khurasaan will head towards Makkah to aid Imam Mahdi. They will win many battles on the way. No force will be able to stop them. They will carry black flags. SUFYAANI ARMY SWALLOWED BY THE EARTH. The Sufyaani army (an Anti-Muslim force) from Syria singles out Imam Mahdi for execution. On the way to Makkah, they get swallowed into the ground. A second Sufyaani army is created with 960,000 men (of 80 nations). CONFRONTATION IN SYRIA Imam Mahdi and the Muslim army go to Syria to confront the Christians. The Christians, before the battle, will ask Muslims for the return of their prisoners-of-war. The Muslims will refuse. The battle will begin. One-third of Imam Mahdi’s army will flee (their repentance will not be accepted), one-third will be martyred, and one-third will gain victory over the Christians. MUSLIM ARMY UNDER IMAM MAHDI CONQUERS PALESTINE JIHAAD ON INDIA A jamaat of Muslims wages Jihaad on India and be successful. SYRIA UNDER MUSLIM RULE Imam Mahdi returns to Syria and establishes Muslim rule over the lands he passes. ANIMOSTIY RIFE AMONGST THE PEOPLE At this time, Muslims will be weak and there will be very few pious people. 3 RUMORS OF EMERGENCE OF DAJJAL... 3 YEARS OF DROUGHT Before the emergence of Dajjal there will be three years of drought. The first year, the skies will retain 1/3 of its water, the second year 2/3, and all of its water the third year. DAJJAL APPEARS Dajjal appears. His followers, the Yahudis, will number 70,000 and will wear expensive silk attire and carry double edged swords. HADHRAT ISA (A.S.) (JESUS) APPEARS Hadhrat Isa (A.S.)descends during the lifetime of Imam Mahdi. DAJJAL KILLED AT THE GATE OF HUDD Hadhrat Isa (A.S.) kills Dajjal at the Gate of Hudd, near an Israeli airport, in the valley of “Ifiq.” The final war between the Yahudi's will ensue, and the Muslims be victorious. TOTAL PEACE With the death of Dajjal, all wars will end. Jihad will be stopped; peace, harmony, and tranquility will be on earth. The earth will produce abundant crops and fruit. The people will follow Islam. HADHRAT ISA RECEIVES REVELATION The revelation tells that the Yajooj and Majooj will soon be released and the believers should be taken to Mt. Toor (Sinai). YAJOOJ AND MAJOOJ ("Gog and Magog") RELEASED The Yajooj and Majooj surge forth in large numbers. They destroy everything in their path in their effort to conquer the world. They will be released in two groups. YAJOOJ AND MAJOOJ REACH JERUSALEM When they reach Mount Khamrin in Jerusalem, they will proclaim to have conquered the world. Then the will shoot arrows into the sky to conquer the heavens. The arrows will return blood stained. HARDHSHIPS ON MOUNT TOOR Scarcity of provisions and hardships will afflict the Muslims. Hadhrat Isa (A.S.) and the Muslims will pray for the removal of the calamity. YAJOOJ AND MAJOOJ KILLED BY INFECTIONS Their prayers were answered and the Yajooj and Majooj develop boil infections, causing them to burst simultaneously as a result. EARTH FULL OF STENCH OF CORPSES Hadhrat Isa (A.S.) and his companions pray again and huge birds are sent to pick up the Yajooj and Majooj corpses and dispose of them in Nahbal (according to Tirmidhi), the ocean or elsewhere. PEACE ON EARTH It will rain for forty days and the earth will be cleansed. Muslims will burn the bows and arrow of Yajooj and Majooj for 7 years. Life will be peaceful while Hadhrat Isa (A.S.) is alive. The earth will be bountiful. Hadhrat Isa will live 19 years after marriage. HADHRAT ISA PASSES AWAY AND BURIED NEXT TO MUHAMMED (S.A.W.) OTHER LEADERS FOLLOW AFTER HADHRAT ISA (A.S.) Jahjaan from Qahtaan, from a tribe in Yemen, will rule as the next Khalifa. Muquad, from a tribe of Banu Tamim will also be a deputy. SOCIETY SLOWLY DECAYS AND KUFR SETS IN The Final Signs of Qiyaamah: 1 THE CAVING IN OF THE GROUND The ground will cave in: one in the east, one in the west, and one in Hejaz, Saudi Arabia. 2 THE FORTY DAY SMOKE/FOG Fog or smoke will cover the skies for forty days. The non-believers will fall unconscious, while Muslims will be ill (develop colds). The skies will then clear up. 3 THE NIGHT OF THREE NIGHTS A night three nights long will follow the fog. It will occur in the month of Dhul-Hajj after Eid al-Adha, and cause much restlessness among the people. 4 THE RISING OF THE SUN IN THE WEST After the night of three nights, the following morning the sun will rise in the west. People’s repentance will not be accepted after this incident. 5 THE BEAST FROM THE EARTH APPEARS One day later, the Beast from the earth will miraculously emerge from Mount Safaa in Makkah, causing a split in the ground. The beast will be able to talk to people and mark the faces of people, making the believers’ faces glitter, and the non-believers’ faces darkened. 6 THE BREEZE FROM THE SOUTH A breeze from the south causes sores in the armpits of Muslims, which they will die of as a result. 7 DESTRUCTION OF THE KA'BAH The Ka'bah will be destroyed by non-Muslim African group. Kufr will be rampant. Hajj will be discontinued. The Qur’an will be lifted from the heart of the people, 30 years after the ruler Muquad’s death. 8 FINAL SIGN OF QIYAMAH: FIRE IN YEMEN The fire will follow people to Syria, after which it will stop. COMMENCEMENT OF QIYAMAH Some years after the fire, Qiyamah begins with the Soor (trumpet) being blown. The year is not known to any person. Qiyamah will come upon the worst of creation. Taken from: 'Signs of Qiyamah' by Mohammed Ali Ibn Zubair Ali and 'Major Signs of Qiyamat' by Mufti Afzal Hoosen Elias

by Mohammed Ali Ibn Zubair Ali Qiyamah will come when... Hadhrat Abu Musa Ash'ari (R.A.) narrates that Rasulallah (Sallallahu Alayhii Wassallam) said, "Qiyamah will come... * When it will be regarded as a shame to act on Quranic injunctions. * When untrustworthy people will be regarded as trustworthy and the trustworthy will be regarded as untrustworthy. * When it will be hot in winter (and vice versa). * When the length of days is stretched, i.e. a journey of a few days is covered in a matter of hours. * When orators and lecturers lie openly. * When people dispute over petty issues. * When women with children come displeased on account of them bearing offspring, and barren women remain happy on account of having no responsibility of offspring. * When oppression, jealousy, and greed become the order of the day. * When people blatantly follow their passions and whims. * When lies prevail over the truth. * When violence, bloodshed and anarchy become common. * When immorality overtakes shamelessness and is perpetrated publicly. * When legislation matters pertaining to Deen is handed over to the worst elements of the Ummat, and if people accept them and are satisfied with their findings, then such persons will not smell the fragrance of Jannat. * When the offspring become a cause of grief and anger (for their parents). The following is part of a lengthy Hadith narrated by Hadhrat Abdullah Ibn Mas'ood (R.A.) when he inquired from Rasulallah (Sallallahu Alayhi Wassallam) about the Signs of Qiyamah. * Music and musical instruments will be found in every home. * People will indulge in homosexuality. * There will be an abundance of illegitimate children. * There will be an abundance of critics, tale-carriers, back- biters and taunters in society. * People will establish ties with strangers and sever relations with their near and dear ones. * Hypocrites will be in control of the affairs of the community and evil, immoral people will be at the helm of business establishments. * The Masjid will be decorated, but the hearts of the people will be devoid of guidance. * The courtyards of Masjids will be built beautifully and high mimbars (pulpits) will be erected. * Gangsters and evil people will prevail. * Various wines will be consumed excessively. Auf bin Malik (R.A.) says: I came to Rasulullah (Sallallahu Alayhi Wasallam) while he was in his skin tent during the Tabuk expedition. He said to me, "Count six things before the advent of Qiyamah: 1 My death 2 The conquest of Jerusalem 3 Mass deaths amongst you people, just as when sheep die in large numbers during an epidemic 4 Abundance of wealth to such an extent that if a person were to be given a hundred Dinars he will still not be satisfied 5 General anarchy and bloodshed, that no Arab household will be spared from it 6 Then a life of peace as a result of a peace agreement between you and the Banil Asfaar (Romans) which they will break and attack you with a force consisting of eighty flags and under each flag will be an army of twelve thousand men." (Hadith: Sahih Bukhari). IRAQ and SYRIA Abu Nadhrah says: "We were sitting in the company of Jabir bin Abdullah (R.A.) when he said: 'Soon the people of IRAQ will neither receive any food (grain) nor any money.'" We asked, "Why would such a thing happen?" He replied, "Because of the non-Arabs." (i.e they will prevent food from going into Iraq, in the form of "sanctions" to this day.) He then said: "Soon the people of Shaam (SYRIA) will neither receive any money nor grain." We asked as to why this would happen. He replied: "Because of the Romans (christians)." CONCEITED PEOPLE: Hadhrat Abbas (R.A) narrates that Rasulallah (Sallallahu Alayhi Wassallam) has said, "Islam will spread far and wide, across the seas. Horses will cross the land and seas in the cause of Jihaad. Then a time will come wherein a group of people will emerge which recites the Quraan. They will claim, 'We have recited the Quraan and is there anyone who understands the Quraan better than us? There is NO ONE more proficient than us in the study of the Quraan.' Then Rasulallah (Sallallahu Alayhi Wassallam) asked the Sahaba, "Do you see any good in their claims?" The Sahaba replied, "No". Rasulallah (Sallallahu Alayhi Wassallam) said, "But these conceited claimants will be from my Ummah and will be the fuel of the Fire." from "Signs of Qiyamah" (excerpts) by Mohammed Ali Ibn Zubair Ali

Milk: The Prophet(SAW) said that milk wipes away heat from the heart just as the finger wipes away sweat from the brow. It strengthens the back, increases the brain, augments intelligence, renews vision and drives away forgetfulness. Honey: Considered to be the best remedy for diarrhoea when mixed in hot water. It is the food of foods, drink of drinks and drug of drugs. It is used for creating appetite, strengthening the stomach, eliminating phelgm, as a meat preservative, hair conditioner, eye salve and mouthwash. It is extremely beneficial in the morning in warm water and is also a sunnah. Olive oil: excellent treatment for skin and hair, delays aging, treats inflammation of the stomach Mushroom: The Prophet(SAW) said that mushroom is a good cure for the eyes, it also serves as a form of birthcontrol and arrests paralysis. Grapes: The Prophet was very fond of grapes, it purifies the blood, provides vigour and health, strengthens the kidneys and clears the bowels. Dates: The Prophet(SAW) said that a house without dates has no food. Also to be eaten at the time of childbirth. Figs: It is a fruit from paradise and a cure for piles. Barley: Good for fever in a soup form Melon: Melon contains 1000 blessings and 1000 mercies, The prophet SAW said "None of your women who are pregnant and eat of water melon will fail to produce off spring who are good in counternanace and good in character. Pomegranate: The Prophet(SAW) said it cleanse you of Satan and evil aspirations for 40 days. Water: the Prophet(SAW) said the best drink in this world and the next is Water, when you are thirsty drink it by sips and not gulps, gulping produces sickness of the liver.

The Layers Of The Atmosphere

SIGNS OF THE LAST DAY Narrated by Abu Huraira (Radhiallaho anho): One day while the Prophet was sitting in the company of some people, (The angel) Gabriel came and asked, "What is faith?" Allah's Messenger (sallallaahu 'alaihi wasallam) replied, "Faith is to believe in Allah, His angels, (the) meeting with Him, His Apostles, and to believe in Resurrection." Then he further asked, "What is Islam?" Allah's Messenger (sallallaahu 'alaihi wasallam) replied, "To worship Allah Alone and none else, to offer prayers perfectly to pay the compulsory charity (Zakat) and to observe fasts during the month of Ramadan." Then he further asked, "What is Ihsan (perfection)?" Allah's Messenger (sallallaahu 'alaihi wasallam) replied, "To worship Allah as if you see Him, and if you cannot achieve this state of devotion then you must consider that He is looking at you." Then he further asked, "When will the Hour be established?" Allah's Messenger (sallallaahu 'alaihi wasallam) replied, "The answerer has no better knowledge than the questioner. But I will inform you about its portents. • When a slave (lady) gives birth to her master. • When the shepherds of black camels start boasting and competing with others in the construction of higher buildings. And the Hour is one of five things which nobody knows except Allah. The Prophet then recited: "Verily, with Allah (Alone) is the knowledge of the Hour--." (Sura Luqman:Ver.34) Then that man (Gabriel) left and the Prophet (sallallaahu 'alaihi wasallam) asked his companions to call him back, but they could not see him. Then the Prophet (sallallaahu 'alaihi wasallam) said, "That was Gabriel who came to teach the people their religion." Abu 'Abdullah said: He (the Prophet (sallallaahu 'alaihi wasallam)) considered all that as a part of faith. Bukhari Vol. 1 : No. 47